The following is the entry for this language as it appeared in the 14th edition (2000).
It was superseded by the corresponding entry in the 15th edition (2005). See also the corresponding entry in the current edition of Ethnologue.
| Population | 1,774,000 in Russia (1993 Johnstone). Population total all countries 1,809,000. Possibly including second language users: 2,000,000 (1999 WA). |
| Region | Chuvashia, east of Moscow, near the Volga River. Cheboksary is their capital. About half live in towns (1995). Also spoken in Estonia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan. |
| Alternate names | BULGAR |
| Dialects | ANATRI, VIRYAL. |
| Classification | Altaic, Turkic, Bolgar. |
| Comments | The only extant language in the Bolgar branch of Turkic. About 80% can use Russian as second language. Chuvash magazines. Cyrillic script. Newspapers, radio programs, TV. Agriculturalists. Christian: Russian Orthodox; traditional religion. NT 1904-1911. |
