The following is the entry for this language as it appeared in the 14th edition (2000).
It was superseded by the corresponding entry in the 15th edition (2005). See also the corresponding entry in the current edition of Ethnologue.
SIL code: SPJ
ISO 639-2: lad
| Population | 100,000 or more in Israel (1985). Population total all countries 160,000 or fewer (1992). |
| Region | Ethnic group members also in Salonica, Greece; Sofia, Bulgaria; Yugoslavia. Formerly also in Morocco. Also spoken in Puerto Rico, Turkey (Europe), USA. |
| Alternate names | JUDEO SPANISH, SEFARDI, DZHUDEZMO, JUDEZMO, SPANYOL, HAQUETIYA |
| Dialects | JUDEZMO (JUDYO, JIDYO), LADINO, HAQUETIYA (HAKETIA, HAKETIYA, HAKITIA). |
| Classification | Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Ibero-Romance, West Iberian, Castilian. |
| Comments | The Balkan dialect is more influenced by Turkish and Greek. The North African dialect is more influenced by Arabic and French. There are no monolinguals. It is not the dominant language for most speakers. Formerly the main language of Sefardic Jewry. The name 'Dzhudezmo' is used by Jewish linguists and Turkish Jews; 'Judeo-Spanish' by Romance philologists; 'Ladino' by laymen, especially in Israel; 'Hakitia' by Moroccan Jews; 'Spanyol' by some others. Different from Ladin in the Rhaeto-Romansch group. The Hebrew (Rashi) alphabet does not work well because of the need to differentiate vowels. Yet there are texts in Hebrew script. Newspapers, radio programs. Jewish. Bible 1829. |
| Turkey (Europe) |
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