Colombia

Spanish

[spa] 1 (National). Statutory national language (1991, Constitution, Article 10). 42,300,000 in Colombia (2011).

Cubeo

[cub] 4 (Educational). 6,100 in Colombia (Civallero 2008), increasing. 10% monolinguals. Population total all countries: 6,260.

Epena

[sja] 4 (Educational). 3,500 in Colombia (2004 IMB), increasing. Population total all countries: 3,750.

Wayuu

[guc] 4 (Educational). 122,000 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 321,000. Ethnic population: 144,000 (Crevels 2007).

5 (Developing)

Arhuaco

[arh] 5 (Developing). 8,000 (2009 P. Frank). 90% monolingual. Ethnic population: 14,300.

Barasana-Eduria

[bsn] 5 (Developing). 1,890 (1993 census). 19 ethnic Taiwano (Eduria) (Crevels 2007).

Cacua

[cbv] 5 (Developing). 400 (2010 A. Gonzalez). Many monolinguals, especially children.

Camsá

[kbh] 5 (Developing). 4,000 (Civallero 2008). Ethnic population: 4,020 (Crevels 2007).

Carapana

[cbc] 5 (Developing). 600 in Colombia (1990 SIL). Population total all countries: 642.

Colombian Sign Language

[csn] 5 (Developing). 50,000 deaf in Bogotá in 1992.

Cuiba

[cui] 5 (Developing). 2,200 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). 1,500 monolinguals. Population total all countries: 2,850. Ethnic population: 2,280 (Crevels 2007).

Curripaco

[kpc] 5 (Developing). 7,000 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 11,880. Ethnic population: 7,060 (Crevels 2007).

Emberá, Northern

[emp] 5 (Developing). 49,700 in Colombia (2001 census).

Emberá-Chamí

[cmi] 5 (Developing). 5,510 (2001 DNP). Ethnic population: Total Emberá in Colombia: 71,000 (Arango Ochoa and Sánchez Gutierrez 1998).

Guambiano

[gum] 5 (Developing). 21,000 (Civallero 2008), increasing. Less than 10% monolingual.

Guayabero

[guo] 5 (Developing). 1,000 (Civallero 2008). Ethnic population: 2,000 (2007 N. López).

Huitoto, Minica

[hto] 5 (Developing). 6,800 (2002 A. Bríñez).

Kuna, Border

[kvn] 5 (Developing). 2,600 in Colombia (2012 SIL). Population total all countries: 3,500. Ethnic population: 1,170 (Crevels 2007).

Piapoco

[pio] 5 (Developing). 4,930 in Colombia (2007 Moyano). Population total all countries: 6,380. Ethnic population: 4,930 (2007).

Quichua, Napo Lowland

[qvo] 5 (Developing). Undetermined number in Colombia.

Romani, Vlax

[rmy] 5 (Developing). 4,850 in Colombia (2005 census). Several hundred thousand in Latin America (Hancock 1984).

Tatuyo

[tav] 5 (Developing). 400 (2007 SIL). Ethnic population: 400 (Crevels 2007).

Tunebo, Central

[tuf] 5 (Developing). 2,500 in Colombia (2000 SIL). All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007).

Tunebo, Western

[tnb] 5 (Developing). 700 (1998). All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007).

Waimaha

[bao] 5 (Developing). 500 in Colombia (2004 DNP). Some monolinguals over 40. Population total all countries: 539.

Wajiara

[yui] 5 (Developing). 1,100 in Colombia (2011 SIL), increasing. Few monolinguals. Population total all countries: 1,150. Ethnic population: 690 (2004 DNP).

Woun Meu

[noa] 5 (Developing). 4,000 in Colombia (Aikhenvald 2007). Population total all countries: 10,800. Ethnic population: 7,970 (Crevels 2007).

Yucuna

[ycn] 5 (Developing). 1,800 (2001 SIL). 10–20 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,800.

6a (Vigorous)

Barí

[mot] 6a (Vigorous). 3,500 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 5,270.

Emberá-Catío

[cto] 6a (Vigorous). 15,000 in Colombia (1992 SIL). 90%–95% monolingual. Population total all countries: 15,040. Ethnic population: 71,000 (Arango Ochoa and Sánchez Gutierrez 1998).

Inga, Jungle

[inj] 6a (Vigorous). 11,200 (2007 Organización de Cabildos Indígenas del Putumayo).

Islander Creole English

[icr] 6a (Vigorous). 12,000 (1981 SIL).

Kogi

[kog] 6a (Vigorous). 9,910 (2004 DNP). Nearly all monolingual.

Nukak Makú

[mbr] 6a (Vigorous). 700 (2010 A. Gonzalez). 400 monolinguals.

Yarí

[yri] 6a (Vigorous). 760 (2000).

6b (Threatened)

Achagua

[aca] 6b (Threatened). 250 (2000 M. Lozano), decreasing. Ethnic population: 280 (Crevels 2007).

Awa-Cuaiquer

[kwi] 6b (Threatened). 12,000 in Colombia (Civallero 2008), decreasing. No monolinguals. Population total all countries: 13,000. Ethnic population: 13,000 (Crevels 2007).

Carabayo

[cby] 6b (Threatened). 150. Ethnic population: 200 (Crevels 2007).

Chimila

[cbg] 6b (Threatened). 480 (2006 T. Malone), decreasing. Ethnic population: 900 (Crevels 2007).

Cofán

[con] 6b (Threatened). 1,500 in Colombia (Civallero 2008), decreasing. Many monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,450 (Crevels 2007).

Desano

[des] 6b (Threatened). 2,460 in Colombia (2001 census).

Emberá-Baudó

[bdc] 6b (Threatened). 5,000 (1995 SIL). Ethnic population: Total Emberá in Colombia: 71,000 (Arango Ochoa and Sánchez Gutierrez 1998).

Emberá-Tadó

[tdc] 6b (Threatened). 1,000 (2007 Moyano). Ethnic population: Total Emberá in Colombia: 71,000 (Arango Ochoa and Sánchez Gutierrez 1998)).

Guahibo

[guh] 6b (Threatened). 23,000 in Colombia (Arango Ochoa and Sánchez Gutierrez 1998). 40% monolingual. Population total all countries: 34,200.

Guanano

[gvc] 6b (Threatened). 300 in Colombia (Arango Ochoa and Sánchez Gutierrez 1998). Ethnic population: 1,170 (Crevels 2007).

Huitoto, Murui

[huu] 6b (Threatened). 6,800 in Colombia (2002 A. Bríñez).

Hupdë

[jup] 6b (Threatened). 240 in Colombia (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 240 (Crevels 2007).

Inga

[inb] 6b (Threatened). 18,000 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Dispersed in various regions; adopted commerce as a survival strategy (Crevels 2007). Population total all countries: 22,000.

Koreguaje

[coe] 6b (Threatened). 2,100 (Civallero 2008). Speakers of Koreguaje represent a fusion of various ethnic groups. Also spoken by Inga, Witoto, Carijona, and Tama (Crevels 2007).

Macaguán

[mbn] 6b (Threatened). 300 (Civallero 2008). Most monolingual. Ethnic population: 540 (Crevels 2007).

Macuna

[myy] 6b (Threatened). 1,000 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 1,170.

Malayo

[mbp] 6b (Threatened). 1,850 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 1,850 (Crevels 2007).

Páez

[pbb] 6b (Threatened). 40,000 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 119,000 (Crevels 2007).

Piratapuyo

[pir] 6b (Threatened). 450 in Colombia. Ethnic population: 630 (Crevels 2007).

Playero

[gob] 6b (Threatened). 150 in Colombia (Crevels 2007). Population total all countries: 350. Ethnic population: 160 (Crevels 2007).

Puinave

[pui] 6b (Threatened). 2,000 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 2,880. Ethnic population: 5,380 (Crevels 2007).

Siriano

[sri] 6b (Threatened). 200 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 217. Ethnic population: 750 (2001 Guía Etnográfica de Colombia).

Tanimuca-Retuarã

[tnc] 6b (Threatened). 300 (1976 SIL). 180 Tanimuca. Ethnic population: 1,800 (Crevels 2007).

Ticuna

[tca] 6b (Threatened). 6,600 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Ethnic population: 6,590 (Crevels 2007).

Tucano

[tuo] 6b (Threatened). 2,000 in Colombia. Ethnic population: 6,800 (Civallero 2008).

Tunebo, Barro Negro

[tbn] 6b (Threatened). 300 (1981 SIL). All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007).

Tuyuca

[tue] 6b (Threatened). 350 in Colombia (1995 SIL). Population total all countries: 940. Ethnic population: 570 (Crevels 2007).

Yukpa

[yup] 6b (Threatened). 3,000 in Colombia (2009 W. Largo). 20% monolingual. Population total all countries: 6,040. Ethnic population: 3,530 (Arango Ochoa and Sánchez Gutierrez 1998).

7 (Shifting)

Andoque

[ano] 7 (Shifting). 370 (2007 B. Pencue), decreasing. 50 monolinguals. 10,000 in 1908 (Landaburu 1979). Ethnic population: 520 (Crevels 2007).

Bora

[boa] 7 (Shifting). 100 in Colombia (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 660 (Crevels 2007).

Cabiyarí

[cbb] 7 (Shifting). 270 (Civallero 2008). Ethnic population: 280 (Crevels 2007).

Muinane

[bmr] 7 (Shifting). 150 (2007 Moyano). Ethnic population: 550 (Crevels 2007).

Nhengatu

[yrl] 7 (Shifting). 8,000 in Colombia (2004 IMB).

Piaroa

[pid] 7 (Shifting). 80 in Colombia (1991 W. Adelaar). Ethnic population: 800 (Crevels 2007).

Sáliba

[slc] 7 (Shifting). 1,300 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 1,550. Ethnic population: 1,900 (2004 DNP).

Siona

[snn] 7 (Shifting). 200 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 500. Ethnic population: 730 (2001 Guía Etnográfica de Colombia).

8a (Moribund)

Ocaina

[oca] 8a (Moribund). 140 in Colombia (Arango Ochoa and Sánchez Gutierrez 1998).

Palenquero

[pln] 8a (Moribund). 500 (Holm 1989). Ethnic population: 3,500.

8b (Nearly extinct)

Carijona

[cbd] 8b (Nearly extinct). 6 (Crevels 2007). 6 speakers near La Pedrera and a few more near Miraflores (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 290 (Crevels 2007).

Cocama-Cocamilla

[cod] 8b (Nearly extinct). Possibly only a few semi-speakers (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 770 (Crevels 2007).

Nonuya

[noj] 8b (Nearly extinct). 3 in Colombia (2007 J. Echeverri). Ethnic population covers both Colombia and Peru. Population total all countries: 4. Ethnic population: 90.

Providencia Sign Language

[prz] 8b (Nearly extinct). 19 (1986). Known by most people on the island including 19 born deaf out of 2,500 to 3,000 population (Washabaugh 1986).

Tinigua

[tit] 8b (Nearly extinct). 2 (2000). Ethnic population: 2.

Tunebo, Angosturas

[tnd] 8b (Nearly extinct). 50. All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007).

9 (Dormant)

Andaqui

[ana] 9 (Dormant). No known L1 speakers. Rural Andaqui communities in Acevedo (Huila) and Belén de los Andaquíes (Caquetá), near Pescado and Fragua rivers, but no longer speaking their language. Some Incas who occupied former Andaqui areas insist that there are still uncontacted Andaqui people.

Macaguaje

[mcl] 9 (Dormant). No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 50 (Crevels 2007).

Tariana

[tae] 9 (Dormant). No known L1 speakers in Colombia. Ethnic population: 330 (Crevels 2007).

Totoro

[ttk] 9 (Dormant). No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 3,550 (Crevels 2007).

Yahuna

[ynu] 9 (Dormant). No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 95 (Crevels 2007).

10 (Extinct)

Anserma

[ans] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Arma

[aoh] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Barbacoas

[bpb] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Cagua

[cbh] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Caramanta

[crf] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Cauca

[cca] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Chipiajes

[cbe] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Coxima

[kox] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Coyaima

[coy] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Cumeral

[cum] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Natagaimas

[nts] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Omejes

[ome] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Pijao

[pij] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Ponares

[pod] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Runa

[rna] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Tama

[ten] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Tomedes

[toe] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Ethnologue

Colombia

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Colombia

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