Philippines

English

[eng] 1 (National). Statutory national working language (1987, Constitution, Article 14(7)). 20,000 in Philippines (Crystal 2003).

Filipino

[fil] 1 (National). Statutory national language (1987, Constitution, Article 14(6)), not used in all official domains. 25,000,000 (2007).

3 (Wider communication)

Bikol, Central

[bcl] 3 (Wider communication). Statutory language of provincial identity in Camarines Norte, 4 other provinces (1991, ACFLC Section 3(f)). 2,500,000 (1990 census), increasing. Speakers of all Bikol languages: 4,580,000 (2000 census).

Cebuano

[ceb] 3 (Wider communication). Statutory language of provincial identity in Cebu Province, 4 other areas (1991, ACFLC Section 3(f), may not be subject to population threshold). 15,800,000 in Philippines (2000 census). Includes Cebuano and Binisaya. Population total all countries: 15,810,000.

Chinese, Mandarin

[cmn] 3 (Wider communication). 500 in Philippines. All ethnic Chinese are 53,300 (1990 census).

Hiligaynon

[hil] 3 (Wider communication). Statutory language of provincial identity in Iloilo, 4 other provinces (1991, ACFLC Section 3(f), may not be subject to population threshold). 5,770,000 in Philippines (2000 census).

Ilocano

[ilo] 3 (Wider communication). Statutory language of provincial identity in northwest Luzon Island, other areas (1991, ACFLC Section 3(f), may not be subject to population threshold). 6,920,000 in Philippines (2000 census). Population total all countries: 7,016,400.

Maguindanaon

[mdh] 3 (Wider communication). Statutory language of provincial identity in North Cotabato and 3 other Mindanao provinces (1991, ACFLC Section 3(f)). 1,100,000 (2010 SIL).

Masbatenyo

[msb] 3 (Wider communication). Statutory language of provincial identity in Masbate Province (1991, ACFLC Section 3(f)). 350,000 (2002 SIL), increasing. 50,000 monolinguals mostly children. Ethnic population: 700,000.

Pampangan

[pam] 3 (Wider communication). Statutory language of provincial identity in Pampanga and 2 other Luzon provinces (1991, ACFLC Section 3(f)). 1,900,000 in Philippines (1990 census). Population total all countries: 1,905,430.

Pangasinan

[pag] 3 (Wider communication). Statutory language of provincial identity in Pangasinan Province (1991, ACFLC Section 3(f)). 1,160,000 in Philippines (1990 census). Population total all countries: 1,162,140.

Tagalog

[tgl] 3 (Wider communication). De facto national working language. 21,500,000 in Philippines (2000 census). Population total all countries: 24,216,200.

Tausug

[tsg] 3 (Wider communication). 900,000 in Philippines (2000 SIL), increasing. 250,000 monolinguals. Population total all countries: 1,062,000.

Waray-Waray

[war] 3 (Wider communication). Statutory language of provincial identity in Samar, Leyte islands (1991, ACFLC Section 3(f)). 2,560,000 (2000 census).

4 (Educational)

Agta, Pahanan

[apf] 4 (Educational). 1,700 (2009 J. Lobel), increasing.

Balangao

[blw] 4 (Educational). 21,300 (2000), decreasing. No monolinguals.

Blaan, Koronadal

[bpr] 4 (Educational). 150,000 (2007 SIL). 40,000 monolinguals.

Blaan, Sarangani

[bps] 4 (Educational). 90,800 (2000).

Chavacano

[cbk] 4 (Educational). 359,000 (Rubino 2008). 155,000 Zamboangueño (Holm 1989); 27,800 Caviteño; 3,750 Ternateño (1975 census); 5,470 Cotabato Chavacano (Wurm and Hattori 1981).

Ibatan

[ivb] 4 (Educational). 1,240 (2007 NCIP). No monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,400 (2008 SIL).

Ifugao, Amganad

[ifa] 4 (Educational). 27,100 (2000 SIL). 10,000 monolinguals. 168,000 all Ifugao (1990 census). Ethnic population: 25,500 (2007 SIL).

Ifugao, Mayoyao

[ifu] 4 (Educational). 30,000 (2007 SIL).

Ifugao, Tuwali

[ifk] 4 (Educational). 30,000 (2000 SIL), increasing. Only those below grade-school age are monolingual.

Inabaknon

[abx] 4 (Educational). 26,400 (2010 M. Jacobson). 43,000 monolinguals (almost all children). Population increases 300 to 500 yearly. About 500 leave annually to find opportunities elsewhere.

Isnag

[isd] 4 (Educational). 30,000 (1994 SIL).

Kagayanen

[cgc] 4 (Educational). 30,000 (2007 SIL), increasing. Few monolinguals. Ethnic population: 25,000–35,000 (2007 SIL).

Kalinga, Butbut

[kyb] 4 (Educational). 15,000 (2008), increasing. 1,000 monolinguals.

Kalinga, Limos

[kmk] 4 (Educational). 12,700 (2007 census), increasing.

Kalinga, Lubuagan

[knb] 4 (Educational). 30,000 (2008 V. Dumatog), increasing. Ethnic population: 5,000.

Kalinga, Southern

[ksc] 4 (Educational). 13,000 (2000 SIL), increasing. 58% are monolingual.

Kallahan, Keley-i

[ify] 4 (Educational). 8,000 (2000 SIL). Only children under 5 are monolingual.

Kinaray-a

[krj] 4 (Educational). 378,000 (1994 SIL), increasing. 1,000 monolinguals.

Manobo, Obo

[obo] 4 (Educational). 60,000 (2007 SIL). 20,000 monolinguals.

Palawano, Brooke’s Point

[plw] 4 (Educational). 14,400 (2000).

Paranan

[prf] 4 (Educational). 15,000 (2009 J. Lobel).

Sama, Central

[sml] 4 (Educational). 90,000 (2000). 30,000 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 105,000.

Sambal

[xsb] 4 (Educational). 70,000 (2000 SIL), decreasing. No monolinguals. Ethnic population: 70,000.

Subanen, Central

[syb] 4 (Educational). 140,000 (2000), increasing.

Subanon, Western

[suc] 4 (Educational). 125,000 (2011 SIL).

Tagabawa

[bgs] 4 (Educational). 43,000 (1998 SIL).

Tagakaulo

[klg] 4 (Educational). 83,000 (2000 census). 40,000 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 100,000.

Tboli

[tbl] 4 (Educational). 95,300 (2000). 10,000 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 100,000 to 120,000.

Yakan

[yka] 4 (Educational). 106,000 in Philippines (1990 census), increasing. 33% monolinguals. 86,900 in Basilan Province.

5 (Dispersed)

Spanish

[spa] 5 (Dispersed). 2,660 in Philippines (1990 census).

5 (Developing)

Adasen

[tiu] 5 (Developing). 4,000. Ethnic population: 5,720.

Agta, Casiguran Dumagat

[dgc] 5 (Developing). 610 (Headland 1989).

Agta, Central Cagayan

[agt] 5 (Developing). 780 (2000). Ethnic population: 820.

Agta, Umiray Dumaget

[due] 5 (Developing). 3,000 (1994 SIL), decreasing.

Agutaynen

[agn] 5 (Developing). 15,000 (2007 SIL).

Alangan

[alj] 5 (Developing). 7,690 (2000).

Alta, Southern

[agy] 5 (Developing). 1,000 (1982 SIL).

Atta, Pamplona

[att] 5 (Developing). 1,000 (1998 SIL). Ethnic population: 1,000.

Ayta, Abellen

[abp] 5 (Developing). 3,000 (2008 SIL), decreasing. 45 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 5,000.

Ayta, Mag-antsi

[sgb] 5 (Developing). 8,200 (1992 SIL).

Ayta, Mag-Indi

[blx] 5 (Developing). 5,000 (1998 SIL), increasing. 40,000 Negritos in Philippines (2007 SIL). Ethnic population: 30,000 Ayta (all Ayta in Zambales, Pampanga, Tarlac region).

Bantoanon

[bno] 5 (Developing). 75,000 (2011 Governor’s Office, Romblon Province), decreasing. 500 to 1,000 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 75,000.

Bikol, Northern Catanduanes

[cts] 5 (Developing). 77,500 (2000 census). Speakers of all Bikol languages: 4,580,000 (2000 census).

Binukid

[bkd] 5 (Developing). 100,000 (1987 SIL).

Bontok, Central

[lbk] 5 (Developing). 19,600 (2007 census).

Bontok, Eastern

[ebk] 5 (Developing). 6,170 (2007 census).

Buhid

[bku] 5 (Developing). 8,000 (1991 OMF).

Caluyanun

[clu] 5 (Developing). 30,000 (1994 SIL). Very few monolinguals.

Chinese, Min Nan

[nan] 5 (Developing). 592,000 in Philippines. 99% of Chinese population in the Philippines (1982).

Chinese, Yue

[yue] 5 (Developing). 9,780 in Philippines (2000).

Cuyonon

[cyo] 5 (Developing). 123,000 (1990 census).

Ga’dang

[gdg] 5 (Developing). 6,000 (2002 SIL). Very few monolinguals.

Hanunoo

[hnn] 5 (Developing). 13,000 (2000).

Higaonon

[mba] 5 (Developing). 30,000 (1996 NTM).

Ibaloi

[ibl] 5 (Developing). 111,000 (1990 census).

Ibanag

[ibg] 5 (Developing). 500,000 (1990 SIL).

Ifugao, Batad

[ifb] 5 (Developing). 43,000 (1987 SIL).

Ilongot

[ilk] 5 (Developing). 50,800 (1990 census).

Inakeanon

[akl] 5 (Developing). 435,000 in Philippines (2000 census). Population total all countries: 458,600.

Inonhan

[loc] 5 (Developing). 85,800 (2000).

Iraya

[iry] 5 (Developing). 10,000 (1991 OMF).

Itawit

[itv] 5 (Developing). 134,000 (1990 census). 120,000 Itawit, 14,500 Malaweg.

Ivatan

[ivv] 5 (Developing). 35,000 (1998 SIL), increasing. 3,450 Itbayatan (1996 census).

Kalagan

[kqe] 5 (Developing). 70,000 (2002 census), decreasing. 7,000 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 70,000.

Kalagan, Kagan

[kll] 5 (Developing). 6,000 (1981 SIL).

Kalinga, Tanudan

[kml] 5 (Developing). 11,200 (1998 SIL), increasing. Less than 10% monolingual.

Kallahan, Kayapa

[kak] 5 (Developing). 15,000 (1991 UBS), increasing.

Kankanaey

[kne] 5 (Developing). 150,000 (1991 SIL). All Kankanai 218,000 (1990 census).

Kankanay, Northern

[xnn] 5 (Developing). 70,000 (1987 SIL).

Karao

[kyj] 5 (Developing). 2,000 (2011 SIL).

Mamanwa

[mmn] 5 (Developing). 5,150 (1990 census).

Manobo, Agusan

[msm] 5 (Developing). 60,000 (2002 SIL). 157,000 all Manobo (1990 census).

Manobo, Ata

[atd] 5 (Developing). 26,700 (2000 census).

Manobo, Cotabato

[mta] 5 (Developing). 30,000 (2007 SIL), increasing. 5,000 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 30,000.

Manobo, Dibabawon

[mbd] 5 (Developing). 10,000 (1978 SIL).

Manobo, Ilianen

[mbi] 5 (Developing). 14,600 (2000). Few monolinguals.

Manobo, Matigsalug

[mbt] 5 (Developing). 50,000 (2010 SIL), increasing. 5,000 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 30,000.

Manobo, Sarangani

[mbs] 5 (Developing). 58,000 (2000 census).

Manobo, Western Bukidnon

[mbb] 5 (Developing). 15,000 (2008 SIL). Ethnic population: 15,000.

Mansaka

[msk] 5 (Developing). 57,800 (2000).

Mapun

[sjm] 5 (Developing). 43,000 in Philippines (2011 SIL). 4,000 monolinguals. Population total all countries: 58,000. Ethnic population: 43,000.

Maranao

[mrw] 5 (Developing). 776,000 (1990 census).

Molbog

[pwm] 5 (Developing). 6,680 in Philippines (1990 census). Ethnic population: 13,400.

Palawano, Central

[plc] 5 (Developing). 12,000 (1981 UBS). 40,500 all Palawano (1990 census).

Philippine Sign Language

[psp] 5 (Developing). 100,000 deaf persons (Van Cleve 1986).

Romblomanon

[rol] 5 (Developing). 94,000 (2011 SIL).

Sama, Balangingih

[sse] 5 (Developing). 80,000 in Philippines (2007).

Sama, Pangutaran

[slm] 5 (Developing). 35,200 (2000).

Sama, Southern

[ssb] 5 (Developing). 200,000 in Philippines (2007 SIL), increasing. 20,000 monolinguals. Population total all countries: 215,000.

Sambal, Botolan

[sbl] 5 (Developing). 32,900 (2000 SIL), increasing.

Sangil

[snl] 5 (Developing). 15,000 (1996 SIL).

Sangir

[sxn] 5 (Developing). 55,000 in Philippines (1981 SIL).

Subanen, Northern

[stb] 5 (Developing). 85,400 (2010 SIL), increasing. No monolinguals. Ethnic population: 85,400.

Subanen, Southern

[laa] 5 (Developing). 25,000 (1978 SIL).

Tagbanwa

[tbw] 5 (Developing). 10,000 (2002 SIL). 5% monolinguals.

Tagbanwa, Calamian

[tbk] 5 (Developing). 10,000 (2007 SIL), increasing. Ethnic population: 10,000.

Tawbuid, Eastern

[bnj] 5 (Developing). 7,190 (2000).

Tawbuid, Western

[twb] 5 (Developing). 6,810 (2000).

Tiruray

[tiy] 5 (Developing). 50,000 (2002 SIL). Ethnic population: 50,000.

6a (Vigorous)

Agta, Mt. Iriga

[agz] 6a (Vigorous). 1,500 (1979 SIL).

Ati

[atk] 6a (Vigorous). 1,500 (1980 SIL).

Atta, Pudtol

[atp] 6a (Vigorous). 710 (2000).

Ayta, Ambala

[abc] 6a (Vigorous). 1,660 (1986 SIL).

Bantayanon

[bfx] 6a (Vigorous). 71,600 (2007 J. Lobel).

Baybayanon

[bvy] 6a (Vigorous). 10,000 (2009 J. Lobel).

Bikol, Buhi’non

[ubl] 6a (Vigorous). 73,600 (2009 SIL). No monolinguals. Speakers of all Bikol languages: 4,580,000 (2000 census).

Bikol, Libon

[lbl] 6a (Vigorous). 68,800 (2009 SIL). No monolinguals. Speakers of all Bikol languages: 4,580,000 (2000 census).

Bikol, Miraya

[rbl] 6a (Vigorous). 300,000 (2009 SIL). No monolinguals. Speakers of all Bikol languages: 4,580,000 (2000 census).

Bikol, Rinconada

[bto] 6a (Vigorous). 234,000 (2000 census), increasing. 2,300 monolinguals. Speakers of all Bikol languages: 4,580,000 (2000 census). Ethnic population: 320,000.

Bikol, Southern Catanduanes

[bln] 6a (Vigorous). 135,000 (2000 census). Speakers of all Bikol languages: 4,580,000 (2000 census).

Bikol, West Albay

[fbl] 6a (Vigorous). 260,000 (2009 SIL). No monolinguals.

Binukidnon, Northern

[kyn] 6a (Vigorous). 15,100 (2000).

Binukidnon, Southern

[mtw] 6a (Vigorous). 7,570 (2000).

Bontok, Southern

[obk] 6a (Vigorous). 2,760 (2007 census).

Capiznon

[cps] 6a (Vigorous). 639,000 (2000).

Davawenyo

[daw] 6a (Vigorous). 147,000 (1990 census).

Gaddang

[gad] 6a (Vigorous). 30,000 (1984 SIL).

I-wak

[iwk] 6a (Vigorous). 3,260 (2000).

Iranun

[ill] 6a (Vigorous). 241,000 in Philippines (1981 SIL). Population total all countries: 256,000.

Itneg, Banao

[bjx] 6a (Vigorous). 3,500 (2003 SIL). Unknown number in Malibcong dialect area.

Itneg, Binongan

[itb] 6a (Vigorous). 7,500 (2003 SIL). 46,400 in all Itneg varieties (1990 census).

Itneg, Maeng

[itt] 6a (Vigorous). 18,000 (2003 SIL). Ethnic population: 18,000.

Itneg, Masadiit

[tis] 6a (Vigorous). 7,500. 45,000 all Itnegs in Abra Province.

Itneg, Moyadan

[ity] 6a (Vigorous). 12,000 (2003 SIL).

Kalinga, Mabaka Valley

[kkg] 6a (Vigorous).

Kalinga, Majukayang

[kmd] 6a (Vigorous). 1,500 (1990 SIL), increasing.

Kallahan, Tinoc

[tne] 6a (Vigorous).

Kamayo

[kyk] 6a (Vigorous). 363,000 (2000 census). Estimated population for Caraga, Davao Oriental, and Surigao del Sur regions.

Kasiguranin

[ksn] 6a (Vigorous). 10,000 (1975 SIL).

Kinabalian

[cbw] 6a (Vigorous). 14,000 (2009 J. Lobel).

Malaynon

[mlz] 6a (Vigorous). 8,500 (1973 SIL).

Mandaya

[mry] 6a (Vigorous). 250,000 (2010).

Manide

[abd] 6a (Vigorous). 3,800 (Lobel 2010).

Manobo, Rajah Kabunsuwan

[mqk] 6a (Vigorous). 7,560 (2000).

Palawano, Southwest

[plv] 6a (Vigorous). 12,000 (2005 W. Davis).

Porohanon

[prh] 6a (Vigorous). 23,000.

Sorsoganon, Northern

[bks] 6a (Vigorous). 85,000 (1975 census).

Sorsoganon, Southern

[srv] 6a (Vigorous). 185,000 (1975 census).

Subanon, Kolibugan

[skn] 6a (Vigorous). 20,000 (1998 SIL).

Sulod

[srg] 6a (Vigorous). 14,000 (1980 SIL).

Surigaonon

[sgd] 6a (Vigorous). 400,000 (2009 W. Hall).

Tadyawan

[tdy] 6a (Vigorous). 4,150 (2000).

Tandaganon

[tgn] 6a (Vigorous). 100,000 (2009 B. Hall).

Yogad

[yog] 6a (Vigorous). 16,000 (1990 census).

6b (Threatened)

Agta, Dupaninan

[duo] 6b (Threatened). 1,200 (1986 SIL). Ethnic population: 1,500 (2007 L. Reid).

Atta, Faire

[azt] 6b (Threatened). 300 (Wurm 2000). Ethnic population: 600.

Ayta, Magbukun

[ayt] 6b (Threatened). 1,000 (2011 SIL). Ethnic population: 1,000.

Bolinao

[smk] 6b (Threatened). 51,200 (2007 census), decreasing. 1% monolingual. Ethnic population: 104,000.

Isinai

[inn] 6b (Threatened). 5,520 (1990 census).

Itneg, Inlaod

[iti] 6b (Threatened). 9,000 (2003 SIL).

Manobo, Kinamiging

[mkx] 6b (Threatened). 26,700 (2000 census).

Subanen, Eastern

[sfe] 6b (Threatened). 7,000 (2011 SIL).

7 (Shifting)

Agta, Mt. Iraya

[atl] 7 (Shifting). 150 (Wurm 2000). Ethnic population: 380.

Alta, Northern

[aqn] 7 (Shifting). 200 (Wurm 2000). Ethnic population: 400.

Batak

[bya] 7 (Shifting). 200 (Wurm 2000), decreasing. Ethnic population: 2,040 (1990 census).

Butuanon

[btw] 7 (Shifting). 34,500 (1990 census).

Giangan

[bgi] 7 (Shifting). 55,000 (1990 census).

8a (Moribund)

Bontok, Northern

[rbk] 8a (Moribund). 9,700 (2007 census).

Bontok, Southwestern

[vbk] 8a (Moribund). 2,470 (2007 census).

Dumagat, Remontado

[agv] 8a (Moribund). 2,530 (2000).

8b (Nearly extinct)

Agta, Alabat Island

[dul] 8b (Nearly extinct). 30 (Wurm 2000). Ethnic population: 75.

Agta, Isarog

[agk] 8b (Nearly extinct). 5 (Wurm 2000). Ethnic population: 1,000 (1984 SIL).

Arta

[atz] 8b (Nearly extinct). 15 (Wurm 2000). 12 in Villa Santiago, 1 in Villa Gracia, 3 or 4 in Nagtipunan (1992 L. Reid). Ethnic population: 150.

Ata

[atm] 8b (Nearly extinct). 2 (Wurm 2000). In 1973, only a few families of speakers were reported. Probably extinct (Wurm 2007).

Ayta, Sorsogon

[ays] 8b (Nearly extinct). 15 (Wurm 2000). Ethnic population: 180.

Ratagnon

[btn] 8b (Nearly extinct). 2 (Wurm 2000). Ethnic population: 2,000 (1997 SIL).

Tagbanwa, Central

[tgt] 8b (Nearly extinct). 2,000 (1985 SIL).

10 (Extinct)

Agta, Dicamay

[duy] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Agta, Villa Viciosa

[dyg] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Ayta, Tayabas

[ayy] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Katabaga

[ktq] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Ethnologue

Philippines

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