Turkey

Turkish

[tur] 1 (National). Statutory national language (1982, Constitution, Article 3). 46,300,000 in Turkey (1987). Population total all countries: 50,733,420.

3 (Wider communication)

Kurdish, Northern

[kmr] 3 (Wider communication). 15,000,000 in Turkey (McCarus 2009), decreasing. About 20% monolingual, especially in Hakkari and Shirnak provinces. Very provisional figures for Northern Kurdish speaker population. Population total all countries: 20,210,872.

4 (Educational)

Abaza

[abq] 4 (Educational). 10,000 in Turkey (1995).

Adyghe

[ady] 4 (Educational). 278,000 in Turkey (2000). 6,410 monolinguals (1965 census). Ethnic population: 130,000 in Turkey (1965 census).

Azerbaijani, South

[azb] 4 (Educational). 530,000 in Turkey.

Kazakh

[kaz] 4 (Educational). 600 in Turkey (1982).

Kyrgyz

[kir] 4 (Educational). 1,140 in Turkey (1982).

Tatar

[tat] 4 (Educational).

Turkmen

[tuk] 4 (Educational). 920 in Turkey (1982).

Uyghur

[uig] 4 (Educational). 500 in Turkey (1981).

Uzbek, Southern

[uzs] 4 (Educational). 1,980 in Turkey (1982).

Zazaki, Northern

[kiu] 4 (Educational). 140,000 in Turkey.

Zazaki, Southern

[diq] 4 (Educational). 1,500,000 (Paul 1998), decreasing. A few elderly monolinguals. No census made. Ethnic population: 3,000,000–4,000,000 see themselves as Zaza (Paul 1998).

5 (Dispersed)

Bulgarian

[bul] 5 (Dispersed). 300,000 in Turkey (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001). Refugees from Bulgaria.

Greek

[ell] 5 (Dispersed). 4,000 in Turkey (1993).

5 (Developing)

Crimean Tatar

[crh] 5 (Developing). 2,000 in Turkey.

Kabardian

[kbd] 5 (Developing). 1,000,000 in Turkey (2005 Circassian Association).

Romani, Balkan

[rmn] 5 (Developing). 25,000 in Turkey.

6a (Vigorous)

Arabic, Mesopotamian Spoken

[acm] 6a (Vigorous). Language of recognized nationality. 100,000 in Turkey.

Arabic, North Mesopotamian Spoken

[ayp] 6a (Vigorous). 400,000 in Turkey (1992).

Domari

[rmt] 6a (Vigorous). 28,500 in Turkey (Gunnemark and Kenrick 1985).

Hértevin

[hrt] 6a (Vigorous). 1,000 (1999 H. Mutzafi).

Pontic

[pnt] 6a (Vigorous). 300,000 in Turkey (2009 Z. Diakonikolaou).

Turkish Sign Language

[tsm] 6a (Vigorous).

6b (Threatened)

Abkhaz

[abk] 6b (Threatened). 4,000 in Turkey (1980). Ethnic population: 39,000 in Turkey (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001).

Albanian, Tosk

[als] 6b (Threatened). 15,000 in Turkey (1980). 1,100 monolinguals (1965 census). Ethnic population: 65,000 in Turkey.

Armenian

[hye] 6b (Threatened). 40,000 in Turkey (1980). 1,000 monolinguals (1965 census). Ethnic population: 70,000 in Turkey (1980).

Georgian

[kat] 6b (Threatened). 40,000 in Turkey (1980). 4,000 monolinguals (1965 census). Ethnic population: 91,000.

Kumyk

[kum] 6b (Threatened).

Laz

[lzz] 6b (Threatened). 20,000 in Turkey (Salminen 2007). Population total all countries: 22,000. Ethnic population: 92,000 in Turkey (1980).

Serbian

[srp] 6b (Threatened). 20,000 in Turkey (1980). 2,350 monolinguals (1965 census). Ethnic population: 61,000.

Turoyo

[tru] 6b (Threatened). 3,000 in Turkey (1994 H. Mutzafi). Population total all countries: 62,000. Ethnic population: 50,000–70,000 (1994).

7 (Shifting)

Balkan Gagauz Turkish

[bgx] 7 (Shifting). 327,000 in Turkey (Johnstone 1993). 7,000 Surguch (1965) and 320,000 Yuruk. Population total all countries: 331,000.

Ladino

[lad] 7 (Shifting). 10,000 in Turkey (Salminen 2007). Ethnic population: 15,000.

9 (Dormant)

Syriac

[syc] 9 (Dormant). No known L1 speakers.

10 (Extinct)

Ubykh

[uby] 10 (Extinct). No remaining speakers.

Ethnologue

Turkey

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Turkey

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