Chippewa
PrintA language of United States
ISO 639-3
Alternate Names
Ojibway, Ojibwe, Southwestern Ojibwa
Population
5,000. Ethnic population: 104,000 in the United States (1990 census).
Location
Upper Michigan west to North Dakota.
Language Maps
Language Status
7 (Shifting).
Classification
Dialects
Central Minnesota Chippewa, Minnesota Border Chippewa, Red Lake Chippewa, Upper Michigan-Wisconsin Chippewa. Turtle Mountain in North Dakota shares features with Central Minnesota. Red Lake includes Northwest Angle on shore of Lake of the Woods. Nett Lake on the Minnesota border is closely related to Lac la Croix (Rainy River Ojibwa of Northwestern Ojibwa [ojb]) in Ontario.
Language Use
Concerted efforts via language teaching in public schools and other efforts to reverse decline. Mainly older adults.
Language Development
Taught in primary schools. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1833–1854.
Language Resources
Writing
Latin script. Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics script, no longer in use.