Esuma

At a Glance

• Geography

• Population

  None

  Details

  This graph shows the general size of the language with respect to its mother tongue speakers, and in relation to all the other languages of the world. The possible size ranges from largest to smallest are:

  • 1 billion plus - this language has more than 1 billion L1 users
  • 1 million to 1 billion - this language has between 1 million and 1 billion L1 users
  • 10K to 1 million - this language has between 10 thousand and 1 million L1 users
  • 10 thousand or less - this language has between 1 and 10 thousand L1 users
  • None - this language has no L1 users

• Language Vitality

  1. Institutional
  2. Stable
  3. Endangered
  4. Extinct

  Details

  This graph shows the vitality of Esuma.

  • Institutional — The language has been developed to the point that it is used and sustained by institutions beyond the home and community.
  • Stable — The language is not being sustained by formal institutions, but it is still the norm in the home and community that all children learn and use the language.
  • Endangered — It is no longer the norm that children learn and use this language.
  • Extinct - The language is no longer used and no one retains a sense of ethnic identity associated with the language.

  These four summary levels have been derived by grouping levels in the Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS), which is the more fine-grained scale that Ethnologue uses to assess the status of every language in terms of development versus endangerment; see Language Status for a description of the levels of that scale. See also the pages on Development and Endangerment for more discussion.

• Digital Language Support

  

  Details

  This graph shows the level of digital support for this language (as measured by the method described here.

  • Still — this language shows no signs of digital support
  • Emerging — the language has some content in digital form and/or encoding tools
  • Ascending — the language has some spell checking or localized tools or machine translation as well
  • Vital — the language is supported by multiple tools in all of the above categories and as well as some speech processing
  • Thriving — the language has all of the above plus virtual assistants