Languages of Congo
See language map.[See also SIL publications on the languages of Congo.]
Republic of the Congo, République du Congo, Congo Brazzaville. Formerly People’s Republic of the Congo. 3,610,000. National or official languages: Lingala, Kituba, French. Literacy rate: 63%–80% (1996). Immigrant languages: Greek (400), Hausa (4,000), Portuguese (600), Sango (54,000). Information mainly from J. Bendor-Samuel and Hartell 1989;A. Jacquot 1971; SIL 1982–2007. Blind population: 4,000 (1982 WCE). The number of individual languages listed for Congo is 62. Of those, all are living languages.
| Aka | [axk]
15,000 in Congo (Cavalli-Sforza 1986). Northeast corner.
Alternate names: Babinga, Beka, Binga, Mòáka, Yaka.
Dialects: Basese (Eastern Aka), Bambenzele (Western Aka).
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Ngando (C.10)
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| Akwa | [akw]
24,100 (2000). Cuvette region, Makoua District.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30)
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| Bangandu | [bgf]
Sangha region, along Cameroon border.
Alternate names: Bagando, Bangando.
Dialects: Baagato, North Bangato.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, Southwest
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| Beembe | [beq]
3,200 (2004). Bouenza region, Mouyondzi District.
Alternate names: Bembe, Kibeembe.
Dialects: Keenge (Kikeenge), Yari (Kiyari). A dialect subgroup.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10)
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| Bekwil | [bkw]
9,600 in Congo (2003). Population total all countries: 12,060. Sangha region, along Cameroon border, near Gabon border, almost to Ouesso. Also in Cameroon, Gabon.
Alternate names: Bakwele, Bakwil, Bekwel.
Dialects: Similar to Konabembe [mgg]. Lexical similarity: 85% with Koonzime [ozm].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Makaa-Njem (A.80)
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| Bobangi | [bni]
60,400 in Congo (2000). Cuvette region, Mossaka District, on Congo River.
Alternate names: Bangi, Bubangi, Bungi, Dzamba, Lobobangi, Rebu.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Bangi-Ntomba (C.40)
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| Bomitaba | [zmx]
9,600 in Congo (2000). Population total all countries: 9,820. Likouala region, Epena District, along Likouala-aux-Herbes River. Also in Central African Republic.
Alternate names: Bamitaba, Leke, Mbomitaba, Mbomotaba.
Dialects: Northern Bomitaba (Matoki), Central Bomitaba (Epena). Related to Bongili [bui].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Ngundi (C.20)
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| Bomwali | [bmw]
33,200 in Congo (2002). Population total all countries: 39,280. Sangha region, Ouesso area. Also in Cameroon.
Alternate names: Bomali, Boumoali, Bumali, Lino, Sangasanga.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Makaa-Njem (A.80)
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| Bongili | [bui]
4,000. Sangha region, Sangha River area, southeast of Ouesso, to Pikounda area; southwest of Ouesso, Liouesso area.
Alternate names: Bokiba, Bongiri, Bungili, Bungiri.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Ngundi (C.20)
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| Bonjo | [bok]
3,000. Likouala region, Dongou and Impfondo districts, Oubangui, Motaba, and Ibenga river areas.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, East
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| Bwisi | [bwz]
3,020 in Congo (2000). Population total all countries: 4,250. Niari region, Kibangou District, Banda area, on Gabon border. Also in Gabon.
Alternate names: Ibwisi, Mbwisi.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Sira (B.40)
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| Dibole | [bvx]
4,000 (1989 SIL). Ethnic population: 4,000 to 5,000. Northeast, South Epena District. 16 villages.
Alternate names: Babole, Southern Bomitaba.
Dialects: Northern Dibole (Dzeke), Central Dibole (Kinami), Southern Dibole (Bouanila).
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Ngundi (C.20)
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| Doondo | [dde]
3,020 (2000). Bouenza region; Nkayi, Madingou, Mfouati, and Boko-Songho districts.
Alternate names: Dondo, Kidoondo.
Dialects: A member of the Kongo subgroup.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10)
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| Fang | [fan]
8,100 in Congo (2007). Extreme northwest.
Alternate names: Pahouin, Pamue.
Dialects: Make, Ntum, Ogowe.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Yaunde-Fang (A.70)
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| French | [fra]
28,000 in Congo (1993).
Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian, Oïl, French
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| Gbaya | [gya]
2,000 in Congo (Johnstone 1993). Sangha region, scattered on Cameroon border areas.
Alternate names: Baya, Northwest Gbaya.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, Northwest
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| Kaamba | [xku]
3,020 (2000). Bouenza region; Nkayi, Madingou, Mfouati, and Boko-Songho districts.
Alternate names: Kikaamba.
Dialects: A member of the Kongo subgroup.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10)
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| Kako | [kkj]
9,060 in Congo (2002). Extreme north Likouala region, Ibenga and Motaba rivers, scattered.
Alternate names: Kaka, Nkoxo, Yaka.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Kako (A.90)
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| Kituba | [mkw]
1,160,000 (1987 SIL). Mainly between Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire.
Alternate names: Kikoongo, Munukutuba.
Dialects: Similar to Kituba [ktu] of Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Classification: Creole, Kongo based
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| Koongo | [kng]
1,000,000 in Congo (2007 WLR). Pool region, Boko area, west and northwest of Brazzaville.
Alternate names: Congo, Kikongo, Kikoongo, Kongo.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10)
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| Kota | [koq]
9,060 in Congo (2000). Cuvette region, west of Mbomo; Sangha region, Liouesso area.
Alternate names: Ikota, Ikuta.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Kele (B.20)
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| Koyo | [koh]
1,000. Cuvette region, Owando District, Owando area.
Alternate names: Ekoyo, Kouyou.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30)
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| Kunyi | [njx]
52,000 (1984 census). Bouenza and Niari regions, south and southeast from Makabana to Democratic Republic of the Congo border.
Alternate names: Kikunyi, Kugni.
Dialects: Nyaanga (Kinyaanga). A member of the Kongo subgroup.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10)
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| Laari | [ldi]
90,600 in Congo (2000). South of Pool region, west and northwest of Brazzaville. Also in Angola.
Alternate names: Kilari, Laadi, Ladi, Lari.
Dialects: Ghaangala (Kighaangala, Hangala).
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10)
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| Likuba | [kxx]
30,200 (2000). Cuvette region, on Congo River, above Sangha River mouth.
Alternate names: Kuba.
Dialects: Mutual intelligibility with Likwala [kwc].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30)
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| Likwala | [kwc]
45,300 (2000). Cuvette region, on lower reaches of Likouala-Mossaka, Sangha, and Likouala-aux-Herbes rivers.
Alternate names: Ekwala, Kwala, Likouala.
Dialects: Mutual intelligibility with Likuba [kxx].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30)
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| Lingala | [lin]
90,600 in Congo (2000). Mainly Brazzaville and north.
Alternate names: Ngala.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Bangi-Ntomba (C.40), Lusengo
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| Lumbu | [lup]
3,020 in Congo (2000). Niari region, Kibangou District, between Kibangou and Gabon border.
Alternate names: Ilumbu.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Sira (B.40)
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| Mbandja | [zmz]
9,060 in Congo (2000). Extreme north Likouala region, Oubangui River area.
Alternate names: Banja, Mbanja, Mbanza.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Banda, Southern
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| Mbangwe | [zmn]
1,510 in Congo (2000). Lekoumou region, Bambama District, small groups.
Alternate names: M’bahouin, Mbahouin.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Kele (B.20)
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| Mbere | [mdt]
60,400 in Congo (2000). Population total all countries: 105,900. Cuvette-West region, Kelle and north Ewo districts. Also in Gabon.
Alternate names: Limbede, Mbédé, Mbété.
Dialects: Ngwii. Related to Kaningi [kzo], Ndumu [nmd], Yangho [ynh]. Lexical similarity: 77% with Mbamba [mbm], 76% with Ngungwel [ngz], 74% with Northern Teke [teg], 70% with Tsaayi.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Mbere (B.60)
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| Mboko | [mdu]
27,200 (2000). Cuvette region, west Makoua District.
Alternate names: Mboxo, Mbuku.
Dialects: Ngare. A dialect subgroup.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30)
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| Mbosi | [mdw]
108,000 (2000). Cuvette region, Owando and Mossaka districts, south of Owando; Plateaux region, Abala District.
Alternate names: Embosi, Mbochi, Mboshe, Mboshi.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30)
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| Moi | [mow]
3,020 (2000). Oubangui River west bank, Alima River mouth, south of Mossaka.
Alternate names: Lemoi.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Bangi-Ntomba (C.40)
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| Monzombo | [moj]
6,000 in Congo (Johnstone 1993). Population total all countries: 12,600. Extreme northeast, on Oubangui River. Also in Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Alternate names: Mondjembo, Monjombo, Munzombo.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka, Western, Monzombo
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| Mpyemo | [mcx]
Sangha region, along Cameroon border.
Alternate names: Bimu, Mbimou, Mbimu, Mbyemo, Mpo.
Dialects: Jasoa (Jasua), Bidjuki (Bidjouki), Mpyemo.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Makaa-Njem (A.80)
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| Ndasa | [nda]
4,530 in Congo (2000). Population total all countries: 6,990. Lekoumou region, west of Zanaga. Also in Gabon.
Alternate names: Andasa.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Kele (B.20)
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| Ngbaka | [nga]
3,650 in Congo (2000). Likouala region, Oubangui River west bank, between Impfondo and Congo River confluence.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, East
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| Ngbaka Ma’bo | [nbm]
90,600 in Congo (2000).
Alternate names: Bouaka, Bwaka, Gbala, Ma’bo, Mbacca, Mbaka, Nbwaka, Ngbaka Limba.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka, Western, Bwaka
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| Ngom | [nra]
4,530 in Congo (2000). Cuvette-West region, northwest of Mbomo.
Alternate names: Angom, Bangom, Bangomo, Ongom, Ungom.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Kele (B.20)
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| Ngundi | [ndn]
3,000 in Congo (2004). Sangha region, east of Ouesso. Also in Central African Republic.
Alternate names: Ingundi, Ngondi.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Ngundi (C.20)
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| Ngungwel | [ngz]
45,000 (1988 SIL). Plateaux Province, Gamboma District.
Alternate names: Engungwel, Ngangoulou, Ngungulu, Northeastern Teke.
Dialects: Mpu (Mpumpum). Lexical similarity: 89% with Boo [ebo], 81% with Kukua [kkw], 77% with Teghe [teg], 76% with Tsaayi [tyi] and Mbere [mdt], 75% with Tyee [tyx], 68% with Laali [lli], 61% with Yaa [iyx].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70)
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| Njebi | [nzb]
15,100 in Congo (2000). Niari Province, Mayoko District.
Alternate names: Binzabi, Injebi, Ndjabi, Njabi, Njevi, Nzebi, Yinjebi, Yinzebi.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Njebi (B.50)
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| Njyem | [njy]
3,500 in Congo. 85% monolingual. Sangha region, Souanke District, along paths leading north to Cameroon.
Alternate names: Djem, Dzem, Ndjem, Ndjeme, Ndzem, Ngyeme, Njem, Nyem.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Makaa-Njem (A.80)
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| Ombamba | [mbm]
15,100 in Congo (2000). Population total all countries: 24,800. Lekoumou region, Bambama District. Also in Gabon.
Alternate names: Lembaamba, Mbaama, Mbama, Mbamba.
Dialects: Lexical similarity: 81% with Teghe [teg], 77% with Mbere [mdt], 66% with Tsaayi [tyi].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Mbere (B.60)
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| Pomo | [pmm]
5,430 in Congo (2000). Sangha region, north of Ouesso, on Cameroon and Central African Republic borders.
Alternate names: Congo Pol, Pol, Pori, Pul.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Kako (A.90)
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| Punu | [puu]
9,060 in Congo (2000). Total of all Sira-Punu languages in Congo 80,000. Nyari region toward Gabon border.
Alternate names: Ipounou, Ipunu, Pouno, Puno, Yipunu.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Sira (B.40)
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| Suundi | [sdj]
121,000 (2000). Bouenza and Niari regions, Kimongo area, south and southeast from Makabana to Democratic Republic of the Congo border.
Alternate names: Kisuundi, Suundi de Kimongo.
Dialects: A member of the Kongo subgroup.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10)
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| Teke-Eboo | [ebo]
20,400 in Congo (2000). 454,000 all Teke languages in Congo (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001). Pool region east to Congo River. Also in Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Alternate names: Bamboma, Boma, Boo, Boõ, Central Teke, Eboo Teke, Eboom, Iboo, Teke-Boma.
Dialects: Eboo is the language of the ancient Teke kings. Lexical similarity: 63% with Iyaa, 69% with Laali [lli], 75% with Tsaayi [tyi], 85% with Tyee [tyx], 86% with Kukua [kkw], 89% with Ngungwel [ngz], 79% with Tege [teg].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70)
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| Teke-Fuumu | [ifm]
8,150 (2000). Pool region. Fuumu is north of Brazzaville; Wuumu is north and northwest to Lefini River.
Alternate names: Kiteke, South Central Teke, Teke du Pool.
Dialects: Fuumu (Ifuumu, Mfumu), Wuumu (Iwuumu, Wumbu).
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70)
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| Teke-Ibali | [tek]
36,200 in Congo (2000). Pool region, Brazzaville area, on Congo River.
Alternate names: Eastern Teke, Ibali, Kiteke.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70)
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| Teke-Kukuya | [kkw]
38,800 (2000). Plateaux Province, Lekana District, east of Leketi River.
Alternate names: Chikuya, Kikuwa, Koukouya, Kukwa, Southern Teke.
Dialects: Lexical similarity: 86% with Boo [ebo], 85% with Tyee [tyx], 81% with Ngungwel [ngz], 80% with Tsaayi [tyi], 79% with Teghe [teg], 75% with Laali [lli], 70% with Yaa [iyx].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70)
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| Teke-Laali | [lli]
2,100 (2006). Lekoumou region, south of Komono.
Alternate names: Ilaali.
Dialects: Lexical similarity: 81% with Tsaayi [tyi], 78% with Tyee [tyx].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70)
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| Teke-Nzikou | [nzu]
490,000 all Teke languages in Congo (Johnstone 1993). Plateaux region, around Djambala.
Alternate names: Njiunjiu, Njyunjyu.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70)
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| Teke-Tege | [teg]
49,300 in Congo (2000). 9,000 Nzkini, 15,000 Teghe. Population total all countries: 65,000. Cuvette region, Ewo and Okoyo districts; Plateaux region, Abala District, west of Mpama River. Also in Gabon.
Alternate names: Iteghe, Northern Teke, Teghe, Teke Alima, Teke Kali.
Dialects: Kateghe (Nzikini), Keteghe. Lexical similarity: 81% with Mbamba [mbm], 79% with Kukua [kkw], 77% with Ngungwel [ngz], 76% with Boo [ebo], 75% with Tyee [tyx], 74% with Mbere [mdt], 73% with Laali [lli] and Tsaayi [tyi], 67% with Teghe [teg].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70)
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| Teke-Tsaayi | [tyi]
95,900 in Congo (2000). Population total all countries: 129,500. North Lekoumou region, east of Mossendjo. Also in Gabon.
Alternate names: Getsaayi, Tsaya, Tsaye, Tsayi.
Dialects: Lexical similarity: 76% with Tyee [tyx], 80% with Kukua [kkw].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70)
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| Teke-Tyee | [tyx]
14,400. 490,000 all Teke languages in Congo (Johnstone 1993). Lekoumou region, Bouenza.
Alternate names: West Teke.
Dialects: Lexical similarity: 85% with Kukuya [kkw] and Eboo [ebo].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70)
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| Tsaangi | [tsa]
13,600 in Congo (2000). Population total all countries: 22,210. Niari region, north and northwest of Mossendjo. Also in Gabon.
Alternate names: Icaangi, Itsangi, Tcengui, Tchangui.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Njebi (B.50)
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| Vili | [vif]
7,310 in Congo (2000). Population total all countries: 11,000. Kouilou Province, coast between Angola and Gabon borders; Yoombe Island. Also in Gabon.
Alternate names: Civili, Fiot, Fiote, Tsivili.
Dialects: Yoombe (Yombe, Ciyoombe). A dialect subgroup.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10)
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| Wumbvu | [wum]
Niari region, north to Gabon border.
Alternate names: Wumvu.
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Kele (B.20)
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| Yaka | [iyx]
10,000 (1988). Lekoumou region, Sibiti area.
Alternate names: Iyaka, West Teke, Yaa.
Dialects: Lexical similarity: 91% with Laali [lli], 74% with Tsaayi [tyi], 69% with Tyee [tyx].
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70)
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| Yombe | [yom]
348,000 in Congo (2000).
Alternate names: Bayombe, Kiombi, Kiyombe.
Dialects: Mbala (Mumbala), Vungunya (Kivungunya, Yombe Classique).
Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10)
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