Languages of Uzbekistan
See language map.[See also SIL publications on the languages of Uzbekistan.]
Uzbekistan. 26,593,000. National or official language: Northern Uzbek. Literacy rate: 99%. Immigrant languages: Armenian (50,000), Bashkort (35,000), Belarusan (29,000), Chechen, Chuvash (8,870), Dargwa (1,340), Domari, Dungan (1,400), Erzya (14,200), Georgian (4,090), Ingush, Karachay-Balkar (610), Korean (183,000), Kyrgyz (176,000), Lak (1,760), Lezgi (1,590), Lithuanian (1,040), Nogai (150), North Azerbaijani (44,000), Osetin (6,000), Parya (1,000), Romanian (3,150), Russian (1,660,000), Standard German (40,000), Tabassaran (220), Tajiki Spoken Arabic, Tatar (468,000), Turkmen (228,000), Ukrainian (153,000), Uyghur (36,000), Western Farsi (31,100). Information mainly from S. Akiner 1983; H. Paper 1978; T. Sebeok 1963. The number of individual languages listed for Uzbekistan is 8. Of those, all are living languages.
| Arabic, Uzbeki Spoken | [auz]
700. Bukhara Province; Samarkand Province, middle and lower Zerafshan Valley; a few in Katta-Kurgan town. Mainly small villages.
Alternate names: Central Asian Arabic, Jugari, Kashkadarya Arabic, Uzbeki Arabic.
Dialects: Similar to North Mesopotamian Spoken Arabic [ayp]. Sharp dialect differences between Bukhara and Kashkadarya regions. Bukhara is strongly influenced by Tajiki [tgk]; Kashkadarya by Uzbek [uzn] and other Turkic languages. May be a mixed language.
Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic
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| Bukharic | [bhh]
10,000 in Uzbekistan (1995). Various areas. Bokhara (Buchara) is cultural center.
Alternate names: Bokharian, Bokharic, Bukharan, Bukharin, Judeo-Tajik.
Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian
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| Crimean Tatar | [crh]
150,000 in Uzbekistan (2006 A. Goriainov).
Alternate names: Crimean Turkish.
Dialects: Northern Crimean (Crimean Nogai, Steppe Crimean), Central Crimean, Southern Crimean.
Classification: Altaic, Turkic, Southern
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| Karakalpak | [kaa]
407,000 in Uzbekistan (1993 UBS). Population total all countries: 413,150. Ethnic population: 424,000 in the former USSR. Along the lower Amu Darya; south Aral Sea area. Also in Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russian Federation (Asia), Turkmenistan.
Alternate names: Karaklobuk, Klobouki, Tchorny.
Dialects: Northeastern Karakalpak, Southeastern Karakalpak.
Classification: Altaic, Turkic, Western, Aralo-Caspian
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| Kazakh | [kaz]
808,000 in Uzbekistan.
Classification: Altaic, Turkic, Western, Aralo-Caspian
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| Tajiki | [tgk]
934,000 in Uzbekistan.
Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian
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| Turkish | [tur]
197,000 in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan (based on 1979 census, not counting 56,000 ‘Turks of Fergana’, who speak an Uzbek dialect).
Alternate names: Osmanli.
Dialects: Danubian, Eskisehir, Razgrad, Dinler, Rumelian, Karamanli, Edirne, Gaziantep, Urfa.
Classification: Altaic, Turkic, Southern, Turkish
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| Uzbek | [uzb]
A macrolanguage.
Population total all countries: 20,250,572.
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| Uzbek, Northern | [uzn]
16,500,000 in Uzbekistan (1995 United Nations). Population total all countries: 18,817,600. East of the Amu Darya; south Aral Sea area. Possibly in Munich, Germany. Also in Australia, China, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russian Federation (Asia), Tajikistan, Turkey (Asia), Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States.
Alternate names: Özbek.
Dialects: Karluk (Qarlug), Kipchak (Kypchak), Oghuz. Distinct from Southern Uzbek [uzs] of Afghanistan, Pakistan and Turkey. Russian influences in grammar, use of loanwords, script. Oghuz may be a dialect of Khorasani Turkish [kmz] (see Turkey) rather than Uzbek.
Classification: Altaic, Turkic, Eastern
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