Qiang, Northern
A language of China
| Population | 57,800 (1999), decreasing. 14,000 Mawo dialect, 14,000 Weigu dialect, 11,000 Luhua dialect, 8000 Cimulin dialect, and 9,000 Yadu dialect. 130,000 total for Northern and Southern Qiang languages, including 80,000 as Qiang nationality and 50,000 as Tibetan nationality (1990 J-O. Svantesson). Ethnic population: 306,072 (2000 census). |
| Region | North central Sichuan Province, Mao, Songpan, Heishui, Beichuan counties. |
| Language map |
China |
| Alternate names | Ch’iang |
| Dialects | Mawo, Yadu, Weigu, Cimulin, Luhua. |
| Classification | Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Tangut-Qiang, Qiangic |
| Language use | Parents encourage children to speak Mandarin Chinese [cmn]. Home. Mainly adults. Negative language attitude. Also use Mandarin Chinese [cmn] or Tibetan [bod]. Written Chinese is in use. |
| Language development | Men are more literate than women. Those under 30 are fairly literate in Chinese. Radio programs. Grammar. |
| Writing system | Latin script. |
| Comments | Classified as Qiang nationality and the Tibetan nationality. SOV; more consonants than Southern Qiang; heavy phonemic inventory; consonant clusters in syllable onsets; nontonal. Agriculturalists; some animal husbandry. Buddhist (Lamaist), Daoist, polytheist. |
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