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Ethnologue > Web version > Country index > Americas > United States > Michif

Michif

A language of United States

ISO 639-3: crg

Population	230 in United States (2000 census), decreasing. Population total all countries: 830.
Region	North Dakota, Turtle Mountain Reservation. Also in Canada.
Language map	Northern Central United States of America
Alternate names	French Cree, Mitchif
Dialects	Most similar to Plains Cree [crk]. Several varieties in Canada.
Classification	Mixed language, French-Cree
Language use	Most or all are older adults. Also use English.
Language development	Dictionary. Grammar.

Also spoken in:

Canada

Language name	Michif
Population	600 in Canada (1998). Canada Census (2001) includes Michif among 995 Algonquin speakers not counted elsewhere.
Region	Scattered locations.
Alternate names	French Cree, Métis
Language use	Mainly older adults. Also use English.
Comments	Formerly buffalo hunters.

Entries from the SIL Bibliography about this language:

Academic Publications

EVANS, Donna, author. 1982. On coexistence and convergence of two phonological systems in Michif.

HUTTAR, George L., author. 1999. Review of: a language of our own: The genesis of Michif, the mixed Cree-French language of the Canadian Métis, by Peter Bakker.

WEAVER, Deborah, author. 1982. Obviation in Michif.

WEAVER, Deborah, author. 1983. "The effect of language change and death on obviation in Michif."