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Ethnologue > Web version > Country index > Asia > Malaysia (Sabah) > Kadazan, Labuk-Kinabatangan

Kadazan, Labuk-Kinabatangan

A language of Malaysia (Sabah)

ISO 639-3dtb

Population  20,600 (2000 SIL). 14,000 to 16,000 Labuk (1987 SIL), 7,000 to 8,000 Sungai (1982 SIL).
Region  Northeast Sabah, Sandakan, Labuk-Sugut, and Kinabatangan districts.
Language map  Malaysia - Sabah, reference number 116
Alternate names   Eastern Kadazan, Labuk Kadazan, Sogilitan, Tindakon, Tompulung
Dialects  Mangkaak (Mangkahak, Mangkok, Mangkak), Sukang, Labuk, Lamag Sungai (Sungei).
Classification  Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, North Borneo, Sabahan, Dusunic, Dusun, Eastern
Language use  Vigorous. Children may learn Sabah Malay [msi] first. Standard Malay [zsm] used in church, school, and official settings. Home, market, village. All ages. Positive. Also use Sabah Malay [msi].
Language development  Literacy rate in L1: 50%. Literacy rate in L2: 85% in Malay [zsm]. Literacy is highly valued. NT: 1996.
Writing system  Latin script.
Comments  VSO; prepositions; genitives after nouns; question word initial; nontonal.

Entries from the SIL Bibliography about this language:

Academic Publications

HURLBUT, Hope M., author. 1981. "Morphophonemics of Labuk Kadazan."

HURLBUT, Hope M., author. 1984. "Do as I say: a study of selected features of hortatory discourse in Eastern Kadazan."  Available online

HURLBUT, Hope M., author. 1984. "Social organization and kinship among the Labuk Kadazan people."

HURLBUT, Hope M., author. 1986. "Traditional beliefs of the Eastern (Labuk) Kadazan people."

HURLBUT, Hope M., author. 1988. Verb morphology in Eastern Kadazan.

HURLBUT, Hope M., author. 1990. "Sentence types in Eastern Kadazan."  Available online

HURLBUT, Hope M., author. 1992. "Birth practices and infant mortality among the Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan of Sabah."

HURLBUT, Hope M., author. 1992. Eastern Kadazan translation workshop.

HURLBUT, Hope M., author. 1993. "Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan phonemics."

HURLBUT, Hope M., compiler. 1989. Tinangaran Kadajan - Malayu - Inggilis = Perbendaharaan kata Kadazan Labuk-Kinabatangan - Bahasa Malaysia - Inggeris = Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan - Malay - English vocabulary.

HURLBUT, Hope M., editor. 1992. Tongo tangon Kadazan Labuk-Kinabatangan = Cerita dongeng Kadazan Labuk-Kinabatangan = Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan folk tales.

MATULANG, Matius, author. 1979. Tongo tangon Kadazan = Cerita dongeng Kadazan = Kadazan folktales.

SPITZACK, John A., author. 1984. "The Eastern Kadazan language."