Garhwali
A language of India
| Population | 2,920,000 (2000). |
| Region | Uttarakhand; Tehri Garhwal, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarkashi, Chamoli, Dehra Dun, Rudraprayag districts; Himachal Pradesh; Tehri and Uttarkash, Jaunpuri and Ravai. |
| Alternate names | Gadhavali, Gadhawala, Gadwahi, Gashwali, Girwali, Godauli, Gorwali, Gurvali, Pahari Garhwali |
| Dialects | Srinagari, Tehri (Gangapariya), Badhani, Dessaulya, Lohbya, Majh-Kumaiya, Bhattiani, Nagpuriya, Rathi, Salani (Pauri), Ravai, Bangani, Parvati, Jaunpuri, Gangadi (Uttarkashi), Chandpuri. Kumaoni [kfy] is most similar language; Jaunsari [jns] is sometimes referred to as a dialect of Garhwali, but most say they cannot understand it. Parvati dialect also reportedly not intelligible; Srinagari is literary standard; Pauri generally regarded as the ‘sweetest’; Srinagari and Pauri are very similar. Lexical similarity: 53%–84% among dialects; 54–69% with Hindi, 55%–66% with Kumaoni. The divergent dialect varieties of Bangani, Parvati, and Ravai are no more similar to Western Pahari varieties than to Garhwali. |
| Classification | Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Northern zone, Garhwali |
| Language use | Vigorous. Home, village. All ages. Positive attitude. Also use Hindi. |
| Language development | Literacy rate in L2: 72% for Uttarakhand. Older women lack literacy. Poetry. Magazines. Radio programs. NT: 1827–1994. |
| Writing system | Devanagari script. |
| Comments | Jaunpuri and Ravai dialects are culturally similar to Jaunsari and distinct from Garhwali. Castes are Brahmin, Rajput, Harijan. SOV. Agriculturalists. Hindu, syncretism with traditional religion. |
Entries from the SIL Bibliography about this language:
Academic Publications
JOHN, Matthews, author. 2008. "Jaunsari: a sociolinguistic survey."
Ethnologue: Web |
Ethnologue: Print |
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