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Kalami

A language of Pakistan

ISO 639-3: gwc

Population	40,000 (1987).
Region	Upper Swat Kohistan, between Peshmal and Kalam north to upper valleys above Kalam; Dir Kohistan in Thal, Lamuti (Kinolam), Biar (Jiar), and Rajkot (Patrak) villages.
Language map	Northern Pakistan, reference number 28
Alternate names	Bashgharik, Bashkarik, Dir Kohistani, Diri, Dirwali, Gaawro, Garwa, Garwi, Gawri, Gowri, Kalami Kohistani, Kohistana, Kohistani
Dialects	Kalam, Ushu, Thal, Lamuti (Lamti), Rajkoti (Patrak), Dashwa. Dialect differences do not hinder communication, except speakers of other dialects have difficulty with Rajkot. Lexical similarity: 90%–93% among main dialects; Rajkoti has 75% with Kalami; Dashwa has 77% with Kalami [gwc], and 74% with Rajkoti.
Classification	Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Northwestern zone, Dardic, Kohistani
Language use	Apparently few remaining speakers of Dashwa dialect. Men also use Pashto or some Urdu [urd].
Writing system	Arabic script, Nastaliq style.
Comments	Most widely understood indigenous language in north Swat and Dir Kohistan. Muslim.

Entries from the SIL Bibliography about this language:

Academic Publications

BAART, Joan L. G., author. 1997. The sounds and tones of Kalam Kohistani, with wordlist and texts.

BAART, Joan L. G., author. 1999. "Tone rules in Kalam Kohistani (Garwi, Bashkarik)."

BAART, Joan L. G., author. 1999. A sketch of Kalam Kohistani grammar.

BAART, Joan L. G., author. 2003. "Contrastive tone in Kalam Kohistani."

BAART, Joan L. G., author. 2004. "Tone and song in Kalam Kohistani (Pakistan)."

BAART, Joan L. G., author. 2008. "The tones of Kalam Kohistani (Garwi, Bashkarik)."

BAART, Joan L. G.; BAART-BREMER, Esther L.; SAGAR, Muhammad Zaman, authors. 2004. Names of plants in Kalam Kohistani (Pakistan).  

BAART, Joan L. G.; BAART-BREMER, Esther L.; SAGAR, Muhammad Zaman, authors. 2006. Report on local names and uses of plants in Kalam Kohistan.

BAART, Joan L. G.; SAGAR, Muhammad Zaman, authors. 2004. "Gaawri zaban-o-adab."

BAART, Joan L. G.; SAGAR, Muhammad Zaman, compilers. 2004. Kalam Kohistani texts.

DECKER, Sandra J.; HALLBERG, Daniel G.; RENSCH, Calvin R., authors. 1992. Languages of Kohistan.  

LILJEGREN, Henrik, author. 2009. "The Dangari tongue of Choke and Machoke: tracing the proto-language of Shina enclaves in the Hindu Kush."

LOTHERS, Michael David, author. 1996. Deixis in Kalam Kohistani narrative discourse.

RENSCH, Calvin R., author. 1992. "Patterns of language use among the Kohistanis of the Swat Valley."

STAHL, James L., author. 1988. Multilingualism in Kalam Kohistan.

Vernacular Publications

Languages of northern Pakistan 2004. 2003.

Siran kaan. 2006.