Ho
A language of India
| Population | 1,500,000 (2003). |
| Region | Jharkhand, Singhbhum District, Kolhan, Seraikella, Dhalbhum areas; Orissa, Mayurbhanj, and Koenjhar districts; West Bengal. |
| Alternate names | Bihar Ho, Lanka Kol |
| Dialects | Lohara, Chaibasa-Thakurmunda. Most understand Chaibasa and Thakurmunda dialects well, 90%-92% comprehend narrative discourse. ‘Kherwari’ (Khanwar, Kharar, Kharoali, Kharwari) is group name for Ho, Mundari [unr], Munda [unx], and Santali [sat], closely related languages, and other smaller languages or dialects. Lexical similarity: 85% between most dialects, except for 3 on Ho area east and south edges. |
| Classification | Austro-Asiatic, Munda, North Munda, Kherwari, Mundari |
| Language use | Vigorous. Positive attitude. Some also use Oriyaori, Santali [sat], or Hindi. |
| Language development | Literacy rate in L1: 1%–5%. Literacy rate in L2: 25%–50%. Literacy program in progress. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1997. |
| Writing system | Devanagari script, used in Bihar. Oriya script, used in Orissa. Varang Kshiti script. |
| Comments | A Scheduled Tribe. Different from Ho (Hani [hni]) of Myanmar, China, Viet Nam, Laos. Agriculturalists; hunters. Traditional religion, Hindu. |
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