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Ifugao, Tuwali

A language of Philippines

ISO 639-3: ifk

Population	30,000 (2000 SIL), increasing. Only those below grade school age are monolingual.
Region	Luzon, south Ifugao Province.
Language map	Northern Philippines, reference number 25
Alternate names	Gilipanes, Ifugaw, Kiangan Ifugao, Quiangan
Dialects	Hapao Ifugao, Hungduan Ifugao, Lagawe Ifugao. 77% intelligibility of Amganad Ifugao [ifa], 78% with Batad [ifb]. Hapao dialect has 88% intelligibility with Tuwali, Hungduan 85% with Kiangan. Lexical similarity: 80% with Amganad Ifugao [ifa], 72% with Batad Ifugao [ifb], 78% with Hapao dialect, 86% with Hungduan dialect.
Classification	Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Philippine, Northern Luzon, Meso-Cordilleran, South-Central Cordilleran, Central Cordilleran, North Central Cordilleran, Nuclear Cordilleran, Ifugaw
Language use	Vigorous. Speakers of other languages use it in trading and if married to a speaker. All domains. Court, religion, commerce. All ages. Positive attitude. All also use English, Ilocano [ilo], Filipino [fil], or Amganad Ifugao [ifa]. Those over 40 use more English than others.
Language development	Literacy rate in L1: 25,000 can read and write. Literacy rate in L2: 60%. Taught in primary schools. Bible: 2005.
Writing system	Latin script.
Comments	Kiangan is the place, Tuwali the language. VSO; prepositions; genitives, relatives after noun heads; articles, adjectives, numerals before noun heads; question word initial; 1 suffix, 2 infixes; passives; causatives; comparatives; V, CV, CVC. Peasant agriculturalists: rice; shopkeepers. Traditional religion, Christian.

Entries from the SIL Bibliography about this language:

Academic Publications

BURQUEST, Donald A.; HOHULIN, E. Lou, authors. 2011. The Cross-Referencing System of Tuwali Ifugao: Form and Function.  

HOHULIN, E. Lou, author. 2003. "Writing a communicative grammar."

LEADERS, Marlin R., author. 1991. Eliciting figures of speech.

REID, Lawrence A., author. 1974. "The central cordilleran subgroup of Philippine languages."

Vernacular Publications

Bidan adi makal-iwan. 1986.

Bidan di aamayu. 1986.

Bidan di hin-am-a. 1986.

Hi Tito (Si Tito: Tito). 1992.

Hinnahinnatkon an kali (Different languages: a phrase book for Ifugao). 1976.

Mumbidbid taku. 1976.