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Ethnologue > Web version > Country index > Pacific > Papua New Guinea > Mbula

Mbula

A language of Papua New Guinea

ISO 639-3: mna

Population	4,500 (2007 SIL).
Region	Morobe Province, Siassi District, east Umboi Island, 6 villages; Sakar Island, 1 village.
Language map	Papua New Guinea, Map 12, reference number 604
Alternate names	Kaimanga, Mangaaba, Mangaava, Mangaawa, Mangap-Mbula, Mangap
Dialects	Mbula (Central Mbula), Northern Mbula, Gauru, Sakar.
Classification	Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Western Oceanic, North New Guinea, Ngero-Vitiaz, Vitiaz, Mangap-Mbula
Language use	Home, market, church. All ages. Positive attitude.
Language development	Literacy rate in L1: 25%–50%. Literacy rate in L2: 25%–50%. Grammar. NT: 1997.
Writing system	Latin script.
Comments	SVO; prepositions. Swidden agriculturalists. Christian, traditional religion.

Entries from the SIL Bibliography about this language:

Academic Publications

BUGENHAGEN, R., author. 1992. Mangap Mbula Organised Phonology Data.  

BUGENHAGEN, Robert D., author. 1986. "Possession in Mangap-Mbula: Its syntax and semantics."

BUGENHAGEN, Robert D., author. 1989. "Modality in Mangap-Mbula: An exploration of its syntax and semantics."

BUGENHAGEN, Robert D.; BUGENHAGEN, Salme E., authors. 1995. "Mbula."

BUGENHAGEN, Robert D.; BUGENHAGEN, Salme E., compilers. 2007. Ro ta ipiyooto sua Mbula Uunu = Mbula-English dictionary.  

BUGENHAGEN, Salme E., author. 1992. "Report on a literacy course held in Mangap-Mbula."

REESINK, Gerard P., author. 1990. "Mother tongue and Tok Pisin."

Vernacular Publications

Kun. 2007.

Mete nomnom kana. 2007.

Tomtom ta ikam pai molo be ila kar saamba (Miuŋana ki Jon Banyan). 1998.

Zaala pakan ki tapakaala mete. 2002.