| Population |
807,000 in Namibia (2006). 713,919 in Namibia, including Kwanyama and Kwambi; 1991 census. Population total all countries: 1,070,000. |
| Region |
Ovamboland. Also in Angola. |
| Language map |
Namibia, reference number 17
|
| Alternate names |
Ambo, Ochindonga, Oshindonga, Osindonga, Otjiwambo, Owambo |
| Dialects |
Ngandyera, Eunda Kolonkadhi, Kwaludhi. Ngandyera may be a separate language. Partially intelligible with Kwanyama [kua]. |
| Classification |
Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, R, Ndonga (R.20) |
| Language use |
National language. |
| Language development |
Literacy rate in L2: 75%. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1954–1986. |
| Writing system |
Latin script. |
| Comments |
Called ‘Otjiwambo’ and ‘Owambo’, together with the Kwanyama [kua] and Kwambi [kwm]. Highly acculturated. Christian, traditional religion. |