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Ethnologue > Web version > Country index > Pacific > Papua New Guinea > Numanggang

Numanggang

A language of Papua New Guinea

ISO 639-3: nop

Population	2,260 (2000 census). Few monolinguals. Ethnic population: 2,800 to 3,000.
Region	Morobe Province, Lae District, north Nadzab. 10 villages; some in Lae, Mt. Hagen, and Rabaul.
Language map	Papua New Guinea, Map 11, reference number 537
Alternate names	Boana, Kai, Manggang, Ngain, Numangan, Numangang, Sugu
Dialects	East Numanggang, West Numanggang.
Classification	Trans-New Guinea, Finisterre-Huon, Finisterre, Erap
Language use	Vigorous. Tok Pisin [tpi] used more in towns. All domains, in town meetings, church, local commerce. All ages. Positive attitude. Also use Tok Pisin [tpi], Kâte [kmg], English, Nakama [nib], Nabak [naf], or German.
Language development	Literacy rate in L1: 35%–50%. Literacy rate in L2: 35%–50% Tok Pisin or Kâte. Taught in primary schools. NT: (and Psalms) 2005.
Writing system	Latin script.
Comments	Used in village court and believed to have significant influence on proceedings. Tok Pisin or other trade language used for insults, at which point an elder will insist that discussion be limited to Numanggang because of its calming and peaceful power. SOV. Swidden agriculturalists: coffee, vegetables, cardamom. Christian.

Entries from the SIL Bibliography about this language:

Academic Publications

HYNUM, David, author. 2001. Numanggang Organised Phonology Data.  

Vernacular Publications

Olaman! Tokples bilong mi i swit moa!. 1989.