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Bolinao

A language of Philippines

ISO 639-3: smk

Population	50,000 (1990), increasing. 500 monolinguals.
Region	Luzon, West Pangasinan Province; Bolinao and Anda municipalities.
Language map	Northern Philippines, reference number 37
Alternate names	Binubulinao, Bolinao Sambal, Bolinao Zambal
Classification	Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Philippine, Central Luzon, Sambalic
Language use	Shifting to Filipino [fil]. All domains by some ages, administration, commerce, religion. Written form used for administration and personal communication. Mainly older adults. Protective, preserving attitude toward Bolinao. Also use Ilocano [ilo] or Pangasinan [pag].
Language development	Literacy rate in L1: 87%. Literacy rate in L2: 87%. High literacy rate in Ilocano and Tagalog. Taught as a subject in primary schools. Taught as a course in secondary schools. Bible portions: 1963-1984.
Writing system	Latin script.
Comments	Fishermen. Christian, traditional religion.

Entries from the SIL Bibliography about this language:

Academic Publications

ANTWORTH, Evan L., author. 1984. "Sambal reflexes of Proto-Austronesian phonemes."

PERSONS, Diane L., author. 1979. "Cohesive and coordinating conjunctions in Bolinao narrative discourse."  

PERSONS, Gary C., author. 1978. "Bolinao [language text]."  

PERSONS, Gary C., author. 1979. "Cohesion by means of participant identification in Bolinao narrative discourse."  

PERSONS, Gary C., author. 2012. Bolinao: A Preliminary Phonemic Statement.  

STONE, Roger, author. 2006. "The Sambalic languages of Central Luzon."  

STONE, Roger, author. 2008. "The Sambalic languages of Central Luzon."

Vernacular Publications

Miirgu-irgo atamo (Let's dialogue). 1998.  

Siray kasabyan nin balikas (The expressions that are common: a phrase book for Bolinao). 1978.  

Taruʼman nin Bolinao. 1982.