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Language policy

Index of SIL publications on Language policy listed by country.

See only SIL publications on Language policy available online or for purchase from SIL International Publications.

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General works

• Anonymous. 1991. "Language assessment criteria: Conference recommendations."
• ANSRE, Gilbert, author. 1991. "Response to papers on decision making."
• BENDOR-SAMUEL, David; BENDOR-SAMUEL, Margaret, authors; JACKSON, Robert A., editor. 1996. A manual for strategic planning and review for language programs.
• BENDOR-SAMUEL, John T., author. 1991. "SIL goals and vision for assessment: Keynote address."
• BERGMAN, Ted G., author. 1991. "Global assessment status."
• BERGMAN, Ted G., author. 1994. Global assessment status ILAC II.
• BERGMAN, Ted G., editor. 1989. Proceedings of the round table on assuring the feasibility of standardization within dialect chains, Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, September 1988.  
• BOSSCHER, Kathleen, author. 1991. The participation of local co-workers and leaders in SPAR.
• BOSSCHER, Kathleen, author. 1992. Building the team: Local leadership.
• CLARK, David; ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., authors. 1998. Ethnic diversity and social harmony.
• EGNER, Inge, author. 2007. "Promotion des langues nationales et épanouissement humain."
• ENDL, Michael, author. 1993. Redefining the role of Bible translators in view of an increasing involvement of the indigenous church.
• GRIMES, Barbara F., author. 1987. Language choice in first century Christianity.
• HATFIELD, Deborah H., author. 1991. "Language standardization: Principles and implications."
• HIBBS, Genevieve M., author. 1993. Review of: Language repertoires and state construction in Africa: Cambridge studies in comparative politics, by David D. Laitin.
• HUTTAR, George L., author. 1994. Under what conditions is a LWC effective as a means for communicating the Scriptures? or What does it take to be ‘reached’ in L2? or When is translation in L1 not required for evangelism, discipling, growth?.
• HUTTAR, George L., author. 1998. Review of: Languages of the world, no. 10, by Author unknown.
• MAKONI, Sinfree; TRUDELL, Barbara, authors. 2006. "Complementary and conflicting discourses of linguistic diversity: implications for language planning."
• MALONE, Susan E., author. 2003. Education for multilingualism and multi-literacy in ethnic minority communities: the situation in Asia.  
• MALONE, Susan E., author. 2004. "Education for multilingualism and multi-literacy in ethnic minority communities."
• MORGAN, Mary M., author. 1988. A rationale for language choice in adult education.
• PECK, Charles W., author. 1992. Review of: Talking power: the politics of language in our lives, by Robin T. Lakoff.
• PORTER, Doris, author. 1994. Assessing the task: How are we doing and can we do it better?.
• PRETTOL, Kenneth A., author. 1992. Toward a decision support tool for language planners: An expert system application.
• RENSCH, Calvin R., author. 1992. "On making decisions about language projects."  
• RINGENBERG, Kay; WALTER, Stephen L., authors. 1994. "Language policy, literacy, and minority languages."
• ROBBINS, Frank E., author. 1994. On need, survey and assessment.
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1993. "Where minorities are in the majority: Language dynamics amidst high linguistic diversity."
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1994. "Is sauce for the goose sauce for the gander? Some comparative reflections on minority language planning in North and South."
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1994. "Local languages for local literacies? Debating a central dilemma."
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1995. "Colloquy: Phillipson’s ‘Linguistic imperialism: Linguistic imperialism and local languages’."
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1996. "Language diversity and accountability in the South: perspectives and dilemmas."
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1996. Language use in rural development: An African perspective.
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1997. "Language policy from the bottom up? Reclaiming language use in Africa."
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1997. Developing or destroying languages? What does intervention do to linguistic vitality?.
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1999. "Pluralism and linguistic diversity: policy trends in Africa."
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1999. "Thread, web and tapestry-making: Processes of development and language."
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W.; VARLEY, Fiona, authors. 1998. "Language diversity and accountability in the South: Perspectives and dilemmas."
• SIMONS, Gary F., author. 1991. "The role of philosophy in decision making."
• SOUTHWELL, Neville, author. 1991. "Initial assessment of motivation as indicators for program strategies: Identifying local motivation and predicting implications for language programs."
• WILT, Timothy L., author. 1995. "Flexibility continua in language choice."
• YODER, Joan Bomberger, author. 2010. Review of: Language rights and political theory, Will Kymlicka and Alan Patten, editors.  

Works specific to particular countries

Africa

Cameroon

• BELINGA, K.; GFELLER, Elisabeth; SADEMBOUO, Etienne, editors. 1989. Langues nationales et maîtrise du développement.
• JOHNSON, Ann E., author. 1990. Can language standardization be promoted on the local level in Cameroon?.
• LEWIS, M. Paul; TRUDELL, Barbara, authors. 2008. "Language cultivation in contexts of multiple community languages."
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1990. "The place of local-language literacy in rural development in Cameroon: Presentation of an experimental program."
• ROBINSON, Clinton D. W., author. 1991. The use of languages in rural development: The case of the Ombessa region of Cameroon.
• TRIHUS, Margaret S., author. 1992. The role of language committees in developing the indigenous languages of Cameroon.
• TRUDELL, Barbara, author. 2005. "Language choice, education and community identity."
• WIESEMANN, Ursula, author. 1987. "Standardisation d’une langue."

Côte d’Ivoire

• JACKSON, Robert A., author. 1988. Language planning using a marketing model.

Democratic Republic of the Congo

• HEIN, Vern, author. 1991. "Recommendations for standardization within the Logo dialect cluster."
• WENGER, Robin D., author. 1994. The structure and function of language committees in eastern Zaire.

Ethiopia

• BOOTHE, Ken; WALKER, Roland W., authors. 1997. "Mother tongue education in Ethiopia: From policy to implementation."
• GFELLER, Elisabeth, author. 1999. Language equality: multilingual issues in education.
• SIEBERT, Ralph, author. 1995. "Recent developments regarding education policy and languages in the North Omo Administrative Region."
• SIEBERT, Ralph, author. 2002. "Recent developments regarding education policy and languages in the North Omo administrative region."  

Ghana

• RING, J. Andrew, author. 1991. "Three case studies involving dialect standardization strategies in northern Ghana."

Mali

• BÜHMANN, Dörthe; TRUDELL, Barbara, authors. 2008. La langue maternelle, ça compte ! La langue locale, clé d'un apprentissage efficace.  
• BÜHMANN, Dörthe; TRUDELL, Barbara, authors. 2008. Mother tongue matters: local language as a key to effective learning.  

Nigeria

• MCKINNEY, Carol V., author. 1990. "Which language: Trade or minority?."
• STARK, Janie P., author. 1990. Having it all: Evidence for language maintenance in Nigeria.

Senegal

• TRUDELL, Barbara, author. 2008. "Practice in search of a paradigm: language rights, linguistic citizenship and minority language communities in Senegal."

Americas

Bolivia

• BURNS, Donald H., author. 1984. "Quechua/Spanish bilingual education and language policy in Bolivia (1977-1982)."

Brazil

• WIESEMANN, Ursula, author. 1989. "Four translations or one? The case of the Kaingang in Brazil."  

Canada

• ISARA Choosri; MALONE, Dennis L., authors. 2007. "Stabilizing indigenous languages, a Symposium report."  
• PALMER, Scott, author. 1996. The language of work, and the decline of North American languages.

Guatemala

• HENNE, David L., author. 1983. Some crucial issues in language planning.
• HENNE, Marilyn G., author. 1991. "Program planning for larger language groups: Same or different?."
• HENNE, Marilyn G., author. 1991. Orthographies, language planning and politics: Reflections of a SIL literacy muse.
• HERRERA, Guillermina, author. 1986. "Planificación lingüística en Guatemala."
• LEWIS, M. Paul, author. 1991. "Language maintenance, standardization and national trends: Lessons learned fron the Quiche survey."
• VANWAGNER, Lynette S., author. 1992. Predicting the acceptance of standardized vernacular languages: The case of Tajumulco Mam, a Mayan language of Guatemala.

Mexico

• ALSOP, John R., author. n.d. "La política del lenguaje y la lingüística aplicada."

Peru

• BÜHMANN, Dörthe; TRUDELL, Barbara, authors. 2008. La langue maternelle, ça compte ! La langue locale, clé d'un apprentissage efficace.  
• BÜHMANN, Dörthe; TRUDELL, Barbara, authors. 2008. Mother tongue matters: local language as a key to effective learning.  

Suriname

• GLOCK, Naomi, author. 1983. "Extending the use of Saramaccan in Suriname."

United States

• BÜHMANN, Dörthe; TRUDELL, Barbara, authors. 2008. La langue maternelle, ça compte ! La langue locale, clé d'un apprentissage efficace.  
• BÜHMANN, Dörthe; TRUDELL, Barbara, authors. 2008. Mother tongue matters: local language as a key to effective learning.  
• FULLER, Eugene, author. 1984. "Educational language planning in a Navaho community."
• GRIMES, Barbara F., author. 1994. Evaluating the Hawaii Creole English situation.
• ISARA Choosri; MALONE, Dennis L., authors. 2007. "Stabilizing indigenous languages, a Symposium report."  
• PALMER, Scott, author. 1996. The language of work, and the decline of North American languages.
• RAY, Chesley W., author. 2007. Review of: Literacy and language diversity in the United States, by Terrence G. Wiley.

Asia

Azerbaijan

• ARZUMANLI, Vagif, author. 2002. "National policy and ethnic minorities in the Republic of Azerbaijan."
• ARZUMANLI, Vagif, author. 2002. "The study and scientific analysis of issues concerning the minority peoples of the Azerbaijani Republic and its national policy."

Bangladesh

• KOSONEN, Kimmo; MALONE, Susan E.; YOUNG, Catherine, authors. 2007. Promoting literacy in multilingual settings.  

Cambodia

• KOSONEN, Kimmo, author. 2005. "Vernaculars in literacy and basic education in Cambodia, Laos and Thailand."
• KOSONEN, Kimmo; MALONE, Susan E.; YOUNG, Catherine, authors. 2007. Promoting literacy in multilingual settings.  

China

• BHOLA, H. S., author. 2005. Adult literacy and adult education in the socialist modernization of China: policy, performance, lessons.  
• KOSONEN, Kimmo; MALONE, Susan E.; YOUNG, Catherine, authors. 2007. Promoting literacy in multilingual settings.  

India

• KOSONEN, Kimmo; MALONE, Susan E.; YOUNG, Catherine, authors. 2007. Promoting literacy in multilingual settings.  

Indonesia

• KOSONEN, Kimmo; MALONE, Susan E.; YOUNG, Catherine, authors. 2007. Promoting literacy in multilingual settings.  
• MATTHEWS, Delle, author. 1983. Language maintenance, shift and death and the implications for bilingual education.
• WALKER, Roland W., author. 1984. "Implementing Indonesian language policy."

Laos

• KOSONEN, Kimmo, author. 2005. "Vernaculars in literacy and basic education in Cambodia, Laos and Thailand."

Malaysia

• MILLER, Carolyn P., author. 1991. "Language standardization: Problems and possibilities."
• SMITH, Karla J., author. 2001. "The Iranun's strategy for language and culture preservation."  
• SMITH, Karla J., author. 2003. "Minority language education in Malaysia: four ethnic communities' experiences."

Nepal

• HALE, Austin, author. 1976. "Grammars for the lay reader."
• KOSONEN, Kimmo; MALONE, Susan E.; YOUNG, Catherine, authors. 2007. Promoting literacy in multilingual settings.  
• TROYER, Lester O., author. 1974. "Linguistics and development in Nepal."

Pakistan

• GLOVER, Warren W., author. 1987. "What medium of instruction for tribal minorities in Sind?."

Philippines

• ELKINS, Richard E., author. 1990. "Some comments on language enrichment."
• KOSONEN, Kimmo; MALONE, Susan E.; YOUNG, Catherine, authors. 2007. Promoting literacy in multilingual settings.  

Russian Federation

• MARSHALL, David F., author. 1992. The role of language in the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Taiwan

• HUTESON, Greg, author. 2003. "Report on social, educational, and sociolinguistic issues that impact the deaf and hard of hearing population of Taiwan."  

Thailand

• ISARA Choosri; MALONE, Dennis L., authors. 2007. "Stabilizing indigenous languages, a Symposium report."  
• KOSONEN, Kimmo, author. 2003. "Community participation in minority language education in Thailand."
• KOSONEN, Kimmo, author. 2005. "Vernaculars in literacy and basic education in Cambodia, Laos and Thailand."
• KOSONEN, Kimmo; MALONE, Susan E.; YOUNG, Catherine, authors. 2007. Promoting literacy in multilingual settings.  
• SAMERMIT, Potchanat; THOMAS, David D., editors. 1989. Linguistics and worldview: In honor of Professor Kenneth L. Pike: Papers from the academic seminar on ‘‘Linguistics and worldview’’ held at Thammasat University, Bangkok, February 17-19, 1986.

Turkey

• KAYE, Alan S., author. 2001. Review of: The Turkish language reform: a catastrophic success, by Geoffrey Lewis.

Viet Nam

• LEE, Ernest W., author. 1978. "Diglot textbooks and dictionaries as a means to the assimilation of the national language of Viet Nam."

Europe

Russian Federation

• MARSHALL, David F., author. 1992. The role of language in the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Turkey

• KAYE, Alan S., author. 2001. Review of: The Turkish language reform: a catastrophic success, by Geoffrey Lewis.

Pacific

American Samoa

• HUEBNER, Thom, author. 1988. Vernacular literacy, English as a language of wider communication, and language shift in American Samoa.

Australia

• SANDEFUR, John R., author. 1983. "The Quileute approach to language revival programs."
• SANDEFUR, John R., author. 1985. "Language planning and the development of an Australian Aboriginal creole."
• SANDEFUR, John R., author. 1990. Raising the prestige of a Creole language: An Australian example.

Papua New Guinea

• AHAI, Naihuwo, author. 2005. Literacy in an emergent society: Papua New Guinea.  
• BÜHMANN, Dörthe; TRUDELL, Barbara, authors. 2008. La langue maternelle, ça compte ! La langue locale, clé d'un apprentissage efficace.  
• BÜHMANN, Dörthe; TRUDELL, Barbara, authors. 2008. Mother tongue matters: local language as a key to effective learning.  
• FRANKLIN, Karl J., author. 1975. "Vernaculars as bridges to cross-cultural understanding."
• FRANKLIN, Karl J., author. 1986. "SIL and Tok Pisin."
• LEWIS, M. Paul; TRUDELL, Barbara, authors. 2008. "Language cultivation in contexts of multiple community languages."
• LITTERAL, Robert L., author. 1975. "A proposal for the use of Pidgin in Papua New Guinea’s education system."
• LITTERAL, Robert L., author. 1978. Language planning activity in Papua New Guinea.
• LITTERAL, Robert L., author. 1984. Typological parameters of vernacular language planning.
• LITTERAL, Robert L., author. 1991. "Interdependence in language assessment and program planning."
• LITTERAL, Robert L., author. 1999. Four decades of language policy in Papua New Guinea: The move towards the vernacular.  
• LITTERAL, Robert L., author. 1999. Language development in Papua New Guinea.  
• LITTERAL, Robert L., author. 2004. "Community and family based language policy: an Angor case study."  
• MCELHANON, Kenneth A., editor. 1975. Tok Pisin i go we?: Proceedings of a conference held at the University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, P.N.G., 18-21 September 1973.
• MURANE, John, editor. 1978. Language planning and grammatical typologies.
• RUECK, Michael J., author. 2006. Social network analysis applied to language planning in the Morehead district, Papua New Guinea.
• STAALSEN, Philip; STRANGE, David, authors. 1975. "Pidgin as a medium for training translators."
• TURNER, Blaine, author. 1990. "Training in the national language as part of a balanced vernacular language program."
• WROGE, Diane, author. 2000. "Towards the use of vernacular languages as a medium of instruction in Papua New Guinea’s formal education system - a summary."

Vanuatu

• EARLY, Robert J., author. 1991. "Access in Vanuatu: Optimal or maximal?."