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Pronouns

Index of SIL publications on Pronouns listed by country.

See only SIL publications on Pronouns available online or for purchase from SIL International Publications.

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General works

• CLIFTON, Deborah A.; CLIFTON, John M., editors. 2002. Comments on discourse structures in ten Turkic languages.
• COURTZ, Henk, author. 1999. Review of: Anaphora and conceptual structure, by Karen van Hoek.
• EVERETT, Daniel L., author. 1996. Why there are no clitics: An alternative perspective on pronominal allomorphy.  
• HAAN, Ferdinand de, author. 1999. Review of: Indefinite pronouns, by Martin Haspelmath.
• HOOPERT, Daniel A., author. 1989. "The Greek conjunction ‘kai’ used with a personal pronoun: Exemplifications or applications introduced by the conjunction ‘kai’."
• LITHGOW, David, author. 1967. Exclusiveness of Muyuw pronouns.
• PICKETT, Velma B., author. 1962. First person plural pronouns: Inclusive, exclusive.
• POWLISON, Paul, author. 1963. On translation problems with inclusive and exclusive first person dual and plural pronouns.
• QUAKENBUSH, J. Stephen; RUCH, Edward R., authors. 2006. "Pronoun ordering in Kalamianic."  
• SMITH, Robert E., author. 1984. "The unmarked order of pronominal objects and indirect objects."
• WIESEMANN, Ursula, author. 2001. "Pronouns."

Works specific to particular countries

Africa

Burkina Faso

• HARTELL, Rhonda L., author. 1988. Review of: Pronominal systems, Ursula Wiesemann, editor.
• NADEN, Anthony J., author. 1986. "Western Oti/Volta pronoun systems."
• SHOWALTER, Catherine J., author. 1986. "Pronouns in Lyélé."

Cameroon

• ANDERSON, Stephen C., author. 1985. "Animate and inanimate pronominal systems in Ngyemboon-Bamileke."
• BEAVON, Keith H., author. 1986. "Anaphora, pronouns and reference in Konzimé."
• HEDINGER, Robert, author. 1981. "Pronouns in Akɔɔse."
• PARKER, Elizabeth, author. 1986. "Mundani pronouns."
• WATTERS, John R., author. 1985. "The inclusive/exclusive distinction in Ejagham."
• WIESEMANN, Ursula, editor. 1986. Pronominal systems.

Côte d’Ivoire

• BURMEISTER, Jonathan L., author. 1988. "Personal pronouns in Anyi and related languages."
• HARTELL, Rhonda L., author. 1988. Review of: Pronominal systems, Ursula Wiesemann, editor.
• HOPKINS, Elizabeth B., author. 1986. "Pronouns and pronoun fusions in Yaouré."
• HOPKINS, Elizabeth B., author. 1987. Aperçu sur le système pronominal du Yaouré (Mandé Sud): Les pronoms personnels.
• MAIRE, Jane, author. 1984. "Remarques sur l’emploi du pronom ò dans le discours dioula."
• MARCHESE, Lynell, author. 1986. "The pronominal system of Godie."

Ethiopia

• BREEZE, Mary J., author. 1986. "Personal pronouns in Gimira (Benchnon)."

Ghana

• NADEN, Anthony J., author. 1982. "Class pronoun desuetude revisited."

Kenya

• LOVING, Aretta, author. 1990. Whatever happened to me? (an objective case study), or The groanings of a grammarian.
• NICOLLE, Steve, author. 2002. "Anaphora and focus in Digo."

Mali

• CARLSON, Robert, author. 1993. "A sketch of Jɔ: a Mande language with a feminine pronoun."

Nigeria

• BENDOR-SAMUEL, John T.; KOOPS, Robert, authors. 1974. "The recapitulating pronouns in Kuteb."
• BURQUEST, Donald A., author. 1986. "The pronoun system of some Chadic languages."

Sudan

• SAMPSON, Douglas L., author. 1997. "The pronouns of Banda-Tangbago of Sudan."
• WEDEKIND, Klaus, author. 2004. "Beja pronouns and glides: dialects in search of optima."

Togo

• ROBERTS, David, author. 2005. L'orthographe des pronoms sujets en kabiyè.

Americas

Bolivia

• CAMP, Elizabeth L.; LICCARDI, Millicent R., authors. 1978. "Cavineña pronouns in relation to theme and topic."
• CAMP, Elizabeth L.; LICCARDI, Millicent R., authors. 1983. "Pronombres en cavineña con relación al tema."
• JUDY, Robert A., author. 1965. "Pronoun introducers in Movima clauses."

Brazil

• BONTKES, Carolyn, author. 2007. A prosódia silábica surui.  
• CROFTS, Marjorie, author. 1987. "Os proverbos e pronomes em Mundurukú."
• DOOLEY, Robert A., author. 2008. Pronouns and topicalization in Guarani texts.  
• FORTUNE, David L., author. 1988. "The category of person and associated semantico-grammar of the Karaja pronominal system."
• FORTUNE, David L., author. 1990. "La categoría persona y asociado semántico-gramático en el sistema pronominal karajá."
• LOWE, Ivan, author. 1987. "Considerações algébricas sobre o problema de referência pronominal."
• POPOVICH, A. Harold, author. 1986. "The nominal reference system of Maxakalí."
• RODRIGUES, Aryon D., author. 1990. "You and I=neither you nor I: The personal system of Tupinambá."
• SANDBERG, Patricia M., author. 1979. "O sintagma nominal em Cinta Larga."
• WIESEMANN, Ursula, author. 1986. "The pronoun systems of some Jê and Macro-Jê languages."

Canada

• FOX, Jacinta; FRANTZ, Donald G., authors. 1979. "Blackfoot clitic pronouns."
• FRANTZ, Donald G., author. 1970. Translation and underlying structure II: Pronominalization and reference.
• PITTMAN, Richard S., author. 1965. "The fused subject and object pronouns of Red Pheasant Cree."

Ecuador

• Anonymous. 1959. Estudios acerca de las lenguas huarani (auca), shimigae y zapara.
• PEEKE, M. Catherine; SARGENT, Mary, authors. 1959. "Pronombres personales en shimigae."

Mexico

• BAER, Phillip; MERRIFIELD, William R., authors. 1967. "Restatement of the pronominal series in Maya (Lacandon)."
• CHURCH, Ann D.; JONES, Theodore, authors. 1985. Personal pronouns in Guelavía Zapotec.  
• COWAN, Florence H., author. 1963. Study of first person plural forms in the Mazateco New Testament.
• ELSON, Benjamin F.; WONDERLY, William L., authors. 1953. "El sistema de prefijos personales en las lenguas zoqueanas."
• HOLLENBACH, Barbara E., author. 2006. Paradigmas de los pronombres enclíticos del mixteco de Magdalena Peñasco.  
• KUIPER, Albertha; PICKETT, Velma B., authors. 1974. Personal pronouns in Diuxi Mixtec.  
• LARSEN, Raymond S., author. 1953. "Proclíticos pronominales del dialecto huasteco que se habla en el Estado de San Luis Potosí."
• LAW, Howard W., author. 1963. Problems of pronominal equivalence in Isthmus Nahuat.
• MARLETT, Stephen A., author. 1990. Zapotec pronoun classification.
• MARLETT, Stephen A., author. 1993. "Zapotec pronoun classification."
• MARLETT, Stephen A.; PICKETT, Velma B., authors. 1996. "El pronombre inaudible en el zapoteco del Istmo."  
• NIDA, Eugene A.; ROMERO C., Moisés, authors. 1950. "The pronominal series in Maya (Yucatec)."
• PICKETT, Velma B., author. 1964. "Those problem pronouns: We, us, and our in the New Testament."
• PLUMLEE, Marilyn, author. 1995. Pronouns in Mexican Sign Language.
• SMALL, Priscilla C., author. 1974. Coatzospan Mixtec pronouns.  
• TUGGY, David H., author. 2010. "Function becomes meaning: the case of Nawatl 'tla-'."  
• WAGNER, John, author. 2008. Pronouns in San Vicente Coatlán Zapotec.  

Peru

• KINDBERG, Willard, author. 1964. "Pronominal reference to be used for ‘Holy Spirit’ in Ashaninca (Campa), Peru."
• PAYNE, David L.; REED, Judy C., authors. 1983. "Los pronominales en el ashéninca."  
• PAYNE, David L.; REED, Judy C., authors. 1986. "Ashéninca (Campa) pronominals."
• PAYNE, Thomas E., author. 1987. "Pronouns in Yagua discourse."
• PAYNE, Thomas E., author. Available: 2011; Created: 1996. Pronombres en el discurso yagua.
• PEEKE, M. Catherine; SARGENT, Mary, authors. 1953. "Pronombres personales en andoa."
• SHELL, Olive A., author. 1953. "Pronombres cashibos."
• WEBER, David J., author. 1986. "Huallaga Quechua pronouns."
• WISE, Mary Ruth, author. 1969. "Representación pronominal en nomatsiguenga."
• WISE, Mary Ruth, author. 1991. "Un estudio comparativo de las formas pronominales y sus funciones en las lenguas arawakas norteñas."

United States

• PROST, Gilbert R., author. 1996. "The structure of Mikasuki selfhood."
• PROST, Gilbert R., author. 2002. "The liberal arts, language and transcendence."

Asia

India

• KOSHY, Anish, author. 2009. "Indefinite pronouns in Pnar."  
• OSADA, Toshiki, author. 2004. "A historical note on inclusive/exclusive opposition in South Asian languages—borrowing or retention or innovation?."  

Indonesia

• BADUDU, Rabiana, author. 1990. "Kespesifikan kata sapaan persona kedua dalam sistem tutur sapa Bahasa Gorontalo."
• LAIDIG, Carol J.; LAIDIG, Wyn D., authors. 1990. "Larike pronouns: Duals and trials in a central Moluccan language."
• MARTENS, Michael P., author. 1985. "Pronomina persona bahasa uma: Sistem fokus atau sistem ergatif."
• MARTENS, Michael P., author. 1988. "Focus or ergativity? Pronoun sets in Uma."
• MATTI, David F., author. 1994. "Mamasa pronoun sets."
• MEAD, David, author. 2006. "When to use a genitive pronoun in Mori Bawah (Sulawesi, Indonesia)."  
• STRØMME, Kari K., author. 1994. "Person marking in the Mamuju language."
• VALKAMA, Kari, author. 1995. "Person marking in Duri."
• VUORINEN, Paula, author. 1995. "Person marking in Padoe."
• WESTRUM, Peter N.; WIESEMANN, Ursula, authors. 1986. "Berik pronouns."

Laos

• JACQ, Pascale, author. 2006. "The 'who' and 'how' of Nyaheun /hɨ/."  
• SOLNTSEVA, V. Nina, author. 1996. "Case-marked pronouns in the Taoih language."  

Malaysia

• BOUTIN, Michael E.; YEN EE LEE, Eileen, authors. 1992. "Pronominal differences in languages of Sabah and Sarawak and the affect on the acquisition of Bahasa Malaysia."
• OTHMAN, Normala, author. 2006. "Current trends in pronoun usage among Malay speakers."  

Myanmar

• JENNY, Mathias, author. 2003. "New infixes in spoken Mon."  

Nepal

• CAUGHLEY, Ross C., author. Available: 2011; Created: 1971. Chepang as a pronominalised language: technical note.
• TOBA, Sueyoshi, author. 1988. "The pronominal affix system in Khaling."

Pakistan

• JEFFERY, David, author. 1992. Null pronominals in Marwari Bhil.

Philippines

• BILLINGS, Loren; PENG, Adam, authors. 2006. "Binukid pronominal clisis."  
• BRICHOUX, Robert, author. 1977. "Semantic components of pronoun systems: Subanon and Samoan."  
• ELKINS, Richard E., author. 1973. "Pronominalization in Western Bukidnon Manobo folktales."
• GAULT, JoAnn Marie, author. 2003. "Pronouns in Sama Bangingi' hortatory discourse."
• HIROAKI Kitano, author. 2006. "Transitivity and pronominal clitic order in Kapampangan."  
• LARSON, Virginia, author. 1972. "Pronominal reference in the Ivatan narrative."
• LEE, Celeste Chia Yen, author. 2006. "Clitic pronouns in Masbatenyo."  
• LUSTED, Ruth; REID, Lawrence A.; WHITTLE, Claudia, authors. 1964. "The use of matrix technique in an analysis of Atta personal pronouns."
• MCFARLAND, Curtis D., author. 2006. "Deictic pronouns in Philippine languages."  
• MCFARLAND, Curtis D., author. 2008. "Deictic pronouns in Philippine languages."
• MCKAUGHAN, Howard P., author. 1959. "Semantic components of pronoun systems: Maranao."
• MOREY, Virginia, author. 1961. "Some particles and pronouns in Batak."
• QUAKENBUSH, J. Stephen, author. 1997. "Writing Agutaynen pronouns: Making the most of a mixed-up world."
• THOMAS, David D., author. 1955. "Three analyses of the Ilocano pronoun system."
• WEAVER, Daniel H.; WEAVER, Marilou, authors. 1964. "Ranking of personal pronouns in Agusan Manobo."

Russian Federation

• HUMNICK, Linda, author. 2009. Pronouns in Kumyk discourse: a cognitive perspective.

Thailand

• JENNER, Philip N., author. 1992. "Observations on Old Khmer ‘man’."  
• JENNY, Mathias, author. 2003. "New infixes in spoken Mon."  
• JIRANAN Komonkitiskun, author. 1992. "Lawa pronouns."  

Viet Nam

• BLOOD, Evangeline; BLOOD, Henry F., authors. 1966. "The pronoun system of Uon Njuñ Mnong Rơlơm."  
• SMITH, Kenneth D., author. 1976. "Sedang pronoun reference."  
• SOLNTSEVA, V. Nina, author. 1996. "Case-marked pronouns in the Taoih language."  
• THOMAS, David D., author. 1992. Review of: Discursive practices and linguistic meanings: The Vietnamese system of personal reference, by Hy V. Luong.
• THOMAS, David D., author. 1992. Review of: Discursive practices and linguistic meanings: the Vietnamese system of personal reference, by Hy V. Luong.
• WALLACE, Judith M., author. 1966. "Katu personal pronouns."  
• WATSON, Saundra K., author. 1964. "Personal pronouns in Pacoh."  

Europe

Russian Federation

• HUMNICK, Linda, author. 2009. Pronouns in Kumyk discourse: a cognitive perspective.

Pacific

Australia

• FURBY, Christine E., author. 1972. "The pronominal system of Garawa."
• GEYTENBEEK, Helen, author. 1964. "Personal pronouns of Gidabul."
• GLASGOW, Kathleen B., author. 1964. "Four principal contrasts in Burera personal pronouns."
• GODFREY, Marie P.; KERR, Harland B., authors. 1964. "Personal pronouns in Wik-Munkan."
• HERSHBERGER, Ruth, author. 1964. "Personal pronouns in Gugu-Yalanji."
• HINCH, Heather E., author. 1964. "The Maung personal pronoun."
• KERR, Harland B., author. 1964. "Comparison of Anyula base pronouns with Burera, Maung, and Wik-Munkan."
• KERR, Harland B., author. 1964. "Specific and generic lexical contrast in pronominal systems."
• KIRTON, Jean F., author. 1964. "Anyula person [sic] pronouns."
• KIRTON, Jean F., author. 1970. "Twelve pronominal sets in Yanyula."
• SOMMER, Bruce A.; SOMMER, Elaine A., authors. 1967. "Kunjen pronouns and kinship."

Papua New Guinea

• BOXWELL, Maurice, author. 1967. "Weri pronoun system."
• CONRAD, Robert J., author. 1993. "Pronoun systems in Sepik Iwam oral narratives."
• CONRAD, Robert J.; HUNNEY, Paul; LASZLO, Marilyn, authors. Available: 2009; Created: 1981. Pronoun systems in Sepik Iwam discourse.  
• FRANKLIN, Karl J., author. 1979. "Free and bound pronouns in Papuan languages."
• FRANKLIN, Karl J., author. 1997. "Engan pronouns and their old endings."
• HURD, Conrad, author. 1977. "Nasioi projectives."
• HUTCHISSON, Don, author. 1986. "Sursurunga pronouns and the special uses of quadral number."
• IKAHEIMONEN, Tarja, author. Available: 2007; Created: 1998-09. The pronominal system in the Mende language.  
• JÄRVINEN, Liisa, author. 1987. The pronoun system of Mauwake with special reference to the personal pronouns.
• JÄRVINEN, Liisa, author. 1991. "The pronoun system of Mauwake."
• LITHGOW, David, author. 1970. "Impersonal pronoun in some Melanesian languages of New Guinea."
• LITHGOW, David, author. 1992. "Translating accompanitives in Papuan Tip Cluster languages."
• MCELHANON, Kenneth A., author. 1970. "Selepet pronominal elements."
• PENCE, Alan R., author. 1968. "An analysis of Kunimaipa pronouns."  

Solomon Islands

• SIMONS, Linda, author. 1986. "The pronouns of Toʼabaita (Solomon Islands)."

Vanuatu

• MCKERRAS, Ross, author. 1988. Singular, dual or plural.