Michif

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A language of United States

ISO 639-3

crg

Alternate Names

French Cree, Mitchif

Population

75 in United States (2010 census), decreasing. L2 users: 0 in United States. Total users in all countries: 725.

Location

North Dakota: Turtle Mountain Reservation.

Language Maps

Northern Central United States of America

Language Status

7 (Shifting).

Classification

Mixed language, French-Cree

Dialects

None known. Reportedly most similar to Plains Cree [crk]. Several varieties in Canada.

Language Use

Taught for decades at Turtle Mountain Community College in Belcourt, North Dakota (Golla 2007). Speakers 70 and older. Also use English [eng].

Language Development

Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar.

Language Resources

OLAC resources in and about Michif

Other Comments

Spoken by some descendants of the children of Indian women and French fur traders.

Also spoken in:

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Canada

Language nameMichif

Population

650 in Canada (2011 census). 2001 Canada census includes Michif among 1,000 Algonquin speakers not counted elsewhere. L2 users: 0 in Canada.

Location

Manitoba province: scattered, a short distance from the United States border.

Alternate Names

French Cree, Métis

Status

7 (Shifting).

Language Use

Speakers 70 and older. Also use English [eng].

Language Development

Some bilingual programs in local schools. In Manitoba and Saskatchewan there are Michif courses for adults (Golla 2007).

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Spoken by some descendants of the children of Indian women and French fur traders.

View other languages of Canada

Ethnologue

Michif

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A language of United States

Also spoken in:

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