Dogri

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A language of India

ISO 639-3
dgo
Alternate Names
Dhogaryali, Dogari, Dogri Jammu, Dogri Pahari, Dogri-Kangri, Dongari, Hindi Dogri, Tokkaru
Population

2,280,000 (2001 census).

Location

Jammu and Kashmir state: Kathua, Poonch, Reasi, and Udhampur districts; Himachal Pradesh state: Chamba and Kangra districts; Punjab state: Gurdaspur district.

Language Maps
Language Status

4 (Educational). Statutory language of provincial identity in Jammu and Kashmir (1950, Constitution, Articles 345–347).

Classification
Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Western, Pahari, Western Pahari
Dialects

Dogri speakers understand each other well. Some reported difficulty understanding Kangri [xnr]. Department of Dogri at Jammu University designated Samba as the standard dialect and published textbooks based on this variety. Lexical similarity: 78% between dialects; excluding the most divergent site, others more than 86%. A member of macrolanguage Dogri [doi].

Typology

SOV.

Language Use

Taught in government schools and as a subject in university. All domains. All ages. Positive attitudes. Also use Eastern Punjabi [pan], in shops. Also use Hindi [hin], in school and shops; many have only rudimentary knowledge of it. Also use Urdu [urd], especially middle-aged and older speakers. Used as L2 by Gujari [gju].

Language Development
Literacy rate in L2: 18%–19%. Young people are becoming literate in Dogri. Taught in primary and secondary schools. Literature. Radio. Videos. NT: 1826.
Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Dogri
Writing

Arabic script, Nastaliq variant [Aran], no longer in use. Devanagari script [Deva]. Takri (Tankri, Takari) script [Takr], no longer in use.

Other Comments

Dogri formerly considered a Punjabi dialect, but now promoted as a written language in India. Dhogri is a Scheduled Caste in Himachal Pradesh and Punjab who speak Chambeali [cdh] in Himachal and Dogri in Punjab (Singh 1995b). Hindu, Muslim.

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