Kumiai

A language of Mexico

ISO 639-3

Alternate Names

Campo, Cochimí, Comeya, Cuchimí, Diegueño, Kamia, Kamiai, Kamiyahi, Kamiyai, Ki-Miai, Ko’al, Ku’ahl, Kumeyaai, Kumeyaay, Kumia, Kw’aal, Quemayá, Tipai’, Tipái, Tipéi

Population

290 (2011 UNSD). No monolinguals (1993). Total users in all countries: 440.

Location

Baja California state: Cañon de los Encinos, Ja’áa, La Huerta de los Indios, Rancho Nejí, San Antonio Nécua, and San José de la Zorra; mountains southeast of Tecate, 60 km east of Ensenada.

Language Maps

Mexico

Western United States of America

Language Status

8a (Moribund).

Classification

Cochimí-Yuman, Yuman, Delta-California

Typology

Case-marking; 26 consonants and 9 vowels; alienable/inalienable possession.

Language Use

Also use Spanish [spa].

Language Development

Dictionary. Grammar.

Language Resources

OLAC resources in and about Kumiai

Writing

Unwritten [Qaax].

Other Comments

Different from the extinct Cochimí language.

Also spoken in:

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United States

Language nameKumiai

Population Full

150 (Golla 2007). 40–50 fluent speakers of Kumeyaay, 100 speakers of Tipai, a few elderly people speak Ipai (Golla 2007).

Location

California: east of San Diego and some in Imperial Valley.

Alternate Names

Campo, Diegueño, Digueño, Kamia, Kumeyaay, Tipai’

Dialects

Ipai, Tipai (Jamul Tiipay), Kumeyaay.

Status

8a (Moribund). Language of registered tribe: Campo Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Campo Indian Reservation, Capitan Grande Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of California, Ewiiaapaayp Band of Kumeyaay Indians, Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel, Inaja Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Inaja and Cosmit Reservation, Jamul Indian Village of California, La Posta Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the La Posta Indian Reservation, Manzanita Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Manzanita Reservation, Mesa Grande Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Mesa Grande Reservation, San Pasqual Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of California, Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation.

Language Use

Also use English [eng], especially speakers in California.

Language Development

Several Diegueno groups have begun language classes (Golla 2007).

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Ethnologue

Kumiai

Primary tabs

A language of Mexico

Also spoken in:

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