Romani, Sinte

A language of Germany

ISO 639-3

rmo

Alternate Names

Sinte, Sinti, Sinto-Manush, Zigeuner

Autonym

Romanes

Population

80,000 in Germany (2000). Ethnic population: 200,000. Total users in all countries: 195,200.

Location

Hamburg and Niedersachsen states: colonies south.

Language Maps

Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Slovenia

Language Status

5 (Developing). Recognized language (1998, ECRML, signed in November 1992 and ratified by the Federal Bundestag Implementation Act, Gazette, page 1314), Budestag Resolution of June 1986 confirmed the need for improvement of living conditions and integration into society of the Germany Romany ethnic group. ECRML Initial Report (2002).

Classification

Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Western, Romani, Northern

Dialects

Gadschkene, Estracharia, Krantiki, Kranaria, Eftawagaria, Praistiki. A member of macrolanguage Romany [rom].

Typology

Prepositions; noun head final; gender (animate, inanimate); definite and indefinite articles; case-marking (6 cases); comparatives; 25 consonants, 6 vowels, 4 diphthongs; non-tonal.

Language Use

Vigorous. Used by all. All also use Standard German [deu].

Language Development

Grammar. NT: 2010–2014.

Language Resources

OLAC resources in and about Romani, Sinte

Writing

Latin script [Latn].

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Seminomadic. Christian.

Also spoken in:

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Austria

Language nameRomani, Sinte

Population Full

6,270: All Romani in Austria (2003 UNSD).

Location

Upper Austria.

Alternate Names

Manuš, Romanes, Sinte, Sinti, Sintitikes

Status

5* (Dispersed). Recognized language (1993, Federal Act of 16 December).

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Christian.

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Croatia

Language nameRomani, Sinte

Population Full

14,400 in Croatia (2011 census). Ethnic population: 17,000 (2011 census).

Location

Istria and Međimurje counties.

Alternate Names

Romanes, Sinte, Sinti

Status

2 (Provincial). Statutory provincial working language in Medjimurska county (2002, Constitutional Law on the Rights of Minorities, Article 15).

Other Comments

Non-indigenous.

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Czechia

Language nameRomani, Sinte

Population Full

5,100 in Czechia (2004).

Location

Scattered.

Alternate Names

Romanes, Sinte, Sinti, Tsigane

Dialects

Lallere.

Status

5* (Dispersed). Recognized language (2001, National Minority Rights Act No. 273, Article 2).

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Lallere ancestors came from Czechia. Ethnic group: Sasítka Romá. Christian.

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France

Language nameRomani, Sinte

Population Full

28,400 in France (2000).

Location

Scattered.

Alternate Names

Romanes, Sinte, Sinti, Tsigane

Dialects

Manouche (Manuche, Manush).

Status

5* (Dispersed).

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Ethnic group: Sasítka Romá. Christian.

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Italy

Language nameRomani, Sinte

Population Full

14,000 in Italy (1980). 10,000 Manouche, 4,000 Slovenian-Croatian.

Location

Scattered in northern regions.

Alternate Names

Romanes, Sinte, Sinti

Dialects

Piedmont Sintí (Piedmontese Sinti), Slovenian-Croatian, Manouche, Venetian Sinti.

Status

5* (Dispersed).

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Christian.

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Kazakhstan

Language nameRomani, Sinte

Location

Major cities.

Alternate Names

Manouche, Manuche, Romanes, Sinte, Sinti, Tsigane

Status

5* (Dispersed).

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Ethnic group: Sasítka Romá. Christian.

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Netherlands

Language nameRomani, Sinte

Population Full

1,300 in Netherlands (2010 J. Leclerc).

Location

Scattered.

Alternate Names

Romanes, Sinte, Sinti

Dialects

Manouche.

Status

5* (Dispersed).

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Christian.

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Poland

Language nameRomani, Sinte

Location

Scattered.

Alternate Names

Romanes, Sinte, Sinti, Tsigane

Dialects

Manuche (Manouche).

Status

5* (Dispersed).

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Ethnic group: Sasítka Romá. Christian.

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Serbia

Language nameRomani, Sinte

Population Full

31,000 in Serbia. 30,000 Serbian, 1,000 Manouche.

Location

Belgrade City, Jablanica, Nišava, Pčinja, and Pirot districts; scattered in Kosovo.

Alternate Names

Romanes, Sasítka Romá, Sinte, Sinti

Dialects

Abbruzzesi, Slovenian-Croatian Romani, Serbian Romani. Mutual intelligibility between Croatian Romani, Slovenian Romani, and Serbian Romani. Possibly quite distinct from German [deu] varieties. Sinte is characterized by German influence. Not intelligible of Vlax Romani [rmy].

Status

5* (Dispersed).

Other Comments

Christian.

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Switzerland

Language nameRomani, Sinte

Population Full

21,000 in Switzerland (Johnstone 1993).

Location

Scattered.

Alternate Names

Romanes, Sinte, Sinti

Status

5* (Dispersed).

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Christian.

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Ethnologue

Romani, Sinte

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A language of Germany

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