Torwali

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A language of Pakistan

ISO 639-3
trw
Alternate Names
Torwalak, Torwali Kohistani, Turvali
Population

102,000 (2016).

Location

Khyber Pakhtunkwa province: Swat district; upper Swat district, both sides of Swat river, north of Madyan up to Asret (Bahrain dialect); 2 villages in Chail valley (Chail dialect).

Language Maps
Language Status

6a (Vigorous).

Classification
Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Outer Languages, Northwestern, Dardic, Kohistani
Dialects

Bahrain, Chail. Lexical similarity: 44% with Kalkoti [xka] and Kalami [gwc], 89% with Bahrain and Chail dialects.

Language Use

Home, community. Used by all. Positive attitudes. Also use Southern Pashto [pbt], Urdu [urd]. Used as L2 by Ushojo [ush].

Language Development

Curriculum was developed for a 2-year multilingual education program that bridges children from Torwali to Urdu [urd]. Taught in primary schools, but only to a limited extent. Literature. Dictionary.

Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Torwali
Writing

Arabic script, Naskh variant [Arab]. Arabic script, Nastaliq variant [Aran], primary usage.

Other Comments

Muslim.

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